Unit 2- Natures Chemistry Flashcards
Definition of homologous series
A family of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties.
Hydrocarbons
Molecules that only contain hydrogen and carbon atoms.
Alkane General Formula
Alkane General Formula: CnH2n+2
Isomers
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula.
General Formula of Alkenes:
General Formula of Alkenes: CnH2n
Test for Bromine Solution
Bromine solution is the test for unsaturation.
* Unsaturated alkenes decolourise bromine solution.
* Saturated alkanes do not decolourise bromine solution.
General Formula for Cycloalkanes:
General Formula for Cycloalkanes: CnH2n
Do hydrocarbons dissolve in water
NO, Hydrocarbons do not have a slightly positive and slightly negative side so do not dissolve in water.
Solubility Phrase
‘like dissolves like’.
forces of attraction
intermolecular bonds
Definition of Viscosity
Viscosity is the resistance a substance has to flow (e.g. syrup has a high viscosity and water has a low viscosity).
General Formula for Alcohols:
General Formula for Alcohols: CnH2n+1OH
What functional group does Alcohols contain
Alcohols are molecules that contain the hydroxyl (–OH) functional group
General Formula for Carboxylic acids:
General Formula for Carboxylic acids: CnH2n+1COOH
What functional group does carboxylic acids contain
Carboxylic acids are hydrocarbons that contain the carboxyl
(–COOH) functional group.