Unit 2: Native Americans, European Americans, and Natural Resources Flashcards
Northeastern Woodland Indian social organization: subsistence mode of production
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Corn, bean, squash horticulture
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Traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) and American Indian ideas about nature
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Corn Mother myth
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English colonist social organization: mixed subsistence and market-oriented mode of production
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Colonial ideas about nature and wilderness
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George Henry Boughton’s Pilgrims Going to Church (1867)
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Thomas Cole’s The Oxbow (1834)
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The Agrarian Myth
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Beavers: biological characteristics, keystone species
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Abenaki tribe
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Iroquois tribe
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Huron tribe
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Fox tribe
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Sauk tribe
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The Fur Trade and Native Societies: social and cultural dislocation
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The Fur Trade and Native Societies: ecological change
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The Fur Trade and Native Societies: dependency
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The Ecological Indian: myth, narrative, and implications
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Native American burning practices
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Anderson’s argument: American Indian resource management and harmony with nature
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Krech’s argument: American Indian’s as ecologists and conservationists?
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The Backwoodsman
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The Yeoman Farmer
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Manifest Destiny
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Thomas Gast’s American Progress (1870)
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Fredrick Jackson Turner’s “frontier process” (1893)
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New Western History: place and process
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New Western History: conquest and colonization
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New Western History: property and race
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6 Stages of Social Construction of Native Peoples
- Noble savage (colonial era - 1840s)
- Brutal savage (1820s-80s)
- Conquered peoples (1880s)
- Dependent Indian (1900s)
- Ecological Indian (1960s)
- Independent Indian (1960s)
Albert Bierstadt’s Indian Canoe (1868)
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Charles Bird King’s Young Omahaw, War Eagle, Little Missouri and Pawnees (1822)
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Theodore Kaufman’s Westward the star of Empire makes its Way (1867)
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Henry Farny’s Morning of a New Day (1907)
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Anton Gag’s Attack on New Ulm during the Sioux Outbreak, 1862 (1904)
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6 Stages of Federal Indian Policy
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Johnson v. Macintosh: Doctrine of Discovery
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Indian Removal Act
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General Allotment (Dawes) Act
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Indian Reorganization Act (Indian New Deal)
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Termination
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Self-determination
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Federal relationship with tribes: guardianship theory
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Federal relationship with tribes: trust doctrine
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Federal relationship with tribes: wardship
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Federal relationship with tribes: tribal sovereignty
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Forest ecology: succession
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Forest ecology: spatial and temporal diversity
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Yurok forest management practices
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Traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) practices and integration into in contemporary natural resource management
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