Unit 2- Multicellular Organisms

Question 0

What is the structure and function of a red blood cell?

Answer 0

• Has no nucleus so can carry more oxygen
• Is small and flexible so can fit into capillaries
• Contains Haemoglobin to combine with oxygen

Question 1

What is the structure and function of a nerve cell?

Answer 1

• It has connections at each end to link with other nerve cells
• Can conduct electrical impulses (nervous impulses)

Question 2

What is the structure and function of a sperm cell?

Answer 2

-Has a tail to swim to egg

Question 3

What is the structure and function of a muscle cell?

Answer 3

-Contracts and relaxes to allow movement

Question 4

What is the structure and function of a root hair cell?

Answer 4

• Has a large surface area to absorb more water

- Has no chloroplast since it’s not exposed to life

Question 5

What is the structure and function of a leaf cell?

Answer 5

-Has lots of chloroplasts to carry out photosynthesis

Question 6

What is the structure and function of a guard cell?

Answer 6

• Has projections to allow it to move about in fluid
• Has thickened wall on 1 side to reduce flexibility to open stomata pore
• Has chloroplasts for photosynthesis

Question 7

What is a cell?

Answer 7

The basic unit of life

Question 8

What is tissue?

Answer 8

Groups of cells that work together to form tissues

Question 9

What is an organ?

Answer 9

A group of tissues that work together to form organs

Question 10

What is an organ system?

Answer 10

A group of organs which work together to complete a certain function

Question 11

What is an organism?

Answer 11

It’s a group of organ systems which work together to keep the organism alive

Question 12

Name a type of tissue

Answer 12

Muscle tissue

Question 13

Name a type of organ?

Answer 13

Heart,
Liver,
Stomach etc

Question 14

Name a type of organ system?

Answer 14

Cardiovascular system (heart, blood vessels, blood etc)
Skeletal system (skeleton)
Muscular system (muscles)
Digestive system (trachea, stomach, small intestines etc)
Nervous system (nerves, brain, spine)
Respiratory system (lungs, breathing etc)

Question 15

What are stem cells?

Answer 15

An unspecialised cell which has potential to become different types of cell in an animal

Question 16

What is an unicellular organism?

Answer 16

An organism made of only 1 cell

Question 17

What is a multicellular organism?

Answer 17

An organism made of many cells

Question 18

What is xylem?

Answer 18

The tissue that transports minerals and water in a plant

Question 19

What is phloem?

Answer 19

The tissue which transports sugar in a plant

Question 20

What does differentiated mean?

Answer 20

The term which describes cells which have becomes specialised

Question 21

What happens in the meristem?

Answer 21

It’s the site of cell division in a plant

Question 22

What 2 types of stem cell are there?

Answer 22

Adult and Embryonic

Question 23

Why are stem cells important?

Answer 23

For growth and repair of the body

Question 24

Explain an embryonic stem cell

Answer 24

- Derived from embryos - Develop from fertilised eggs - Been fertilised in a laboratory

Question 25

Explain Adult stem cells

Answer 25

- Found in tissues and organs in the body - Found in many tissues (bone marrow, brain, skeletal muscle, blood vessels, skin, liver, teeth, heart etc) - Repairs our body daily

Question 26

What is the medical use of stem cells specialised to bone marrow?

Answer 26

To treat leukaemia patients

Question 27

What is the medical use of stem cells specialised to heart muscle?

Answer 27

To treat patients that have had heart failure

Question 28

What is the medical use of stem cells specialised to skin?

Answer 28

To treat burns victims