Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Unit 2 Multicellular Organisms > Flashcards

Unit 2 Multicellular Organisms Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

State the function of the central nervous system

A

To coordinate your body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

State the structures that make up the central nervous system

A

The brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How is internal communication vital for the survival of multicellular organisms

A

So they can react to their surroundings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Explain the role of the cerebrum

A

Memory, reasoning, thought, intelligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Explain the role of the cerebellum

A

Coordinates muscles for balance and posture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Explain the role of the medulla

A

Controls the rate of breathing and heart beats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

State the role of neurons is in terms of cellular communication

A

They relay messages from the sense organs to the central nervous system and then to the effector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

State the role of sensory neurons

A

Carries a nerve impulse from the receptor to the central nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

State the role of relay neurons

A

Connects a motor and a sensory neurone in the central nervous system and is involved in a reflex arc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Explain the role of motor neurons

A

Carries the nerve impulse from the central nervous system to an effector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are hormones and state their role in the body

A

Hormones are chemical messengers secreted indirectly into blood stream by endocrine glands.
They stimulate specific target tissues which have specific receptors for a particular hormone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Give 3 examples of of specific hormone releasing glands and their target tissues

A

Pancreas - insulin
Testis - testosterone
Adrenal - adrenaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

State how blood sugar levels are regulated by which compounds and the two organs involved

A

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define diabetes

A

Diabetes is the inability to control blood sugar levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Explain what is meant by type 1 diabetes

A

Type one diabetes is when insulin is not produced by the pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Explain what is meant by type 2 diabetes

A

Type 2 diabetes is caused by not enough insulin being produced or the body not responding to insulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define mutation

A

A mutation is a random change to genetic material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define tissue

A

A tissue is a group of cells specialised to perform a particular function.

18
Q

Define organ

A

An structure composed of several tissues coordinated to perform one or more functions

19
Q

What are stem cells

A

They are unspecialised cells capable of developing into many different types of cell

20
Q

Name the function of the testes

A

Make sperm and male hormones

21
Q

Name the function of the sperm duct

A

Carry sperm to the outside

22
Q

Name the function of the prostate gland

A

Add fluid to the sperm to make semen

23
Q

Name the function of the ovaries

A

Produce eggs and female hormones

24
Q

Name the function of the oviduct

A

Carries the egg towards the uterus and site of fertilisation

25
Q

Name the function of the uterus

A

Where egg implants and grows into foetus

26
Q

How many sets of chromosomes does a diploid cell have

A

2

27
Q

How many sets of chromosomes does a haploid cell have

A

1

28
Q

Define continuous variation and give an example

A

The characteristic varies in a smooth continuos way from one extreme to the other with no distinct groups e.g height

29
Q

What is discrete variation and give an example

A

The characteristic can be used to divide the organism into distinct groups with no pattern e.g ear lobes being attached and detached

30
Q

Function of Cytoplasm

A

Site of biological processes and reactions

31
Q

Function of cell membrane

A

Controls the passage of substances into and out the cell

32
Q

Function of ribosomes

A

Site of protein synthesis

33
Q

Function of nucleus

A

Controls cells activities

34
Q

Function of mitochondria

A

Site of respiration

35
Q

Function of call wall

A

Gives the cell support and shape

36
Q

Function of chloroplast

A

Sit of photosynthesis

37
Q

Function of vacuole

A

Contains cell sap

38
Q

Phenotype

A

An organisms appearance resulting rom genetic information received from parents e.g eye colour

39
Q

Genotype

A

The full set of an organism genes

40
Q

Homozygous

A

If the alleles are the same

41
Q

Heterozygous

A

If the alleles are different

42
Q

Polygenic inheritance

A

A characteristic showing continuous variation that is controlled by the alleles of 3 or more genes.

Biology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions