(Unit 2) Managers, Leadership And Decision-Making

Question 1

What do managers do?

Answer 1

• set objectives
• analyse
• lead
• make decisions
• review

Question 2

What does SWOT stand for?

Answer 2

Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats

Question 3

What does PESTLE stand for?

Answer 3

Political, Economical, Social, Technological, Legal, Environmental

Question 4

What should data be…?

Answer 4

Reliable (is the source trustworthy?).
Timely (is it up to date?).
Quantity (is there too much filtering needed?).
Validity (is it relevant?).

Question 5

What are the internal reasons for reviewing a decision?

Answer 5

• Corporate culture unready for change
• insufficient employee skills
• lack of financial controls
• insufficient funds for decision to be implemented

Question 6

What are the external reasons for reviewing a decision?

Answer 6

• political changes
• changes to legislation
• changes to environmental and social attitudes
• changes in the economy and technology advancements

Question 7

What are the 4 styles of leadership management?

Answer 7

Authoritarian, Laissez-faire, Democratic, Paternalistic

Question 8

What is the authoritarian leadership style?

Answer 8

• close control
• direct supervision
• one-way communication
• top-down communication

Question 9

What is the Laissez-faire leadership style?

Answer 9

• power completely given to subordinates
• hands-off approach
• policy of leaving things to take their own course
• freedom to make decisions

Question 10

What is Democratic leadership style?

Answer 10

• decision making is shared
• involves workers in decisions
• ensure people contribute to discussion
• regularly delegate decision-making power to junior staff

Question 11

What is the Paternalistic leadership style?

Answer 11

• family type dynamic
• less boundaries
• interested in the security and social needs for staff
• consultation with staff

Question 12

What is the Tannenbeum Schmidt continuum?

Answer 12

A continuum that helps to show the range of management styles, identifies who has the most input in decision-making, managers or staff.

Question 13

What is the positives and negatives of managers telling the employees what to do (left of the continuum)?

Answer 13

Positives, clarity to employees needs to be right.
Negatives, demotivated employees.

Question 14

What is the positives and negatives of managers sharing with the employees (right of continuum)?

Answer 14

Positives, more motivational.
Negatives, things can go wrong (inexperienced).

Question 15

What influences your management styles?

Answer 15

• the company structure
• the situation
• the group size
• the time limits (deadlines)
• personalities/ skills of employees

Question 16

What is a strategy?

Answer 16

The setting of the overall plan:
- long term
- involves a lot of resources
- difficult to reverse
- taken by senior managers and leaders

Question 17

What is a tactical plan?

Answer 17

Day-to-Day Decisions:
- short term
- fewer resources involved
- easier to reverse
- taken by middle and junior management

Question 18

What are the steps involved in scientific decision making?

Answer 18

1) Set objectives (SMART)
2) Gather data
3) Analysis
4) Select a plan
5) Implement plans

Question 19

What are the benefits of using a scientific approach?

Answer 19

• clear direction
• decisions based on logical and rational thinking
• flexible, at any stage the PESTLE may change

Question 20

What are the value of decision trees?

Answer 20

• makes managers think about different options and their possible consequences
• they force managers to quantify the impact of each decision

Question 21

What are stakeholders?

Answer 21

They are people who hold an interest in the business (externally + internally). They hold varying amounts of power that influence decisions on a business.

Question 22

Why is it important to know who your stakeholders are?

Answer 22

It allows you to identify their needs and wants and deliver with them as much accuracy, as possible.

Question 23

What is an example of a common interest between stakeholders?

Answer 23

The employees,local government, managers; want the business to grow economically and achieve financial success.

Question 24

What are the axis on the graph, stakeholder mapping?

Answer 24

(X) High/Low Power + (Y) High/Low Interest

Question 25

Where would the management team sit on a stakeholder mapping graph?

Answer 25

High Power + High Interest (BR)

Question 26

What is corporate decision?

Answer 26

A decision that affects the whole of the business, that is made by the CEO/Director (leadership team) at the top of the hierarchy system.

Question 27

What is communication?

Answer 27

The transfer of information between people.

Question 28

What does CSR stand for?

Answer 28

Corporate Social Responsibility

Question 29

What is CSR?

Answer 29

This is the commitment by business to contribute to the community and environment:
- reducing waste pollution
- contributing to educational and social programmers
- improving the quality of life of the workplace and their families

Question 30

What is consultation?

Answer 30

The talking to interested parties to explain developments and issues (gathers views and ideas) to contribute to the communication process.