Unit 2- managers, leadership and decision marking Flashcards

1
Q

what is leadership?

A

ruling, guiding and inspiring people within an organisation in pursuit of agreed objectives.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is management?

A

planning, organising, directing and controlling all and all parts of a business entreprise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what do managers do? (the art of getting things done through other people)

A

-setting objectives
-organisation
-motivation and communication
-measure
-develop people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the 4 leadership types?

A

-autocratic
-democratic
-laissez-faire
-paternalistic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what happens in the tell section of the tannenbaum and schmidt model and what type of leadership style uses it?

A

-typically for autocratic leadership style
-they will tell employees their idea and won’t allow them to have an opinion or make a decision.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what happens in the sell section of the tannenbaum and schmidt model and what type of leadership style uses it?

A

-used by autocratic leaders.
-the manager will ‘sell’ their decision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what happens in the consult section of the tannenbaum and schmidt model and what type of leadership style uses it?

A

-used by democratic leaders
-they will share their ideas and allow employees to share their ideas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what happens in the share section of the tannenbaum and schmidt model and what type of leadership style uses it?

A

-used by paternalistic or laissez-faire leaders
-employees can make their own decisions with previously set limits made by the manager.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what does the Blake mouton grid represent?

A

the concern for production and the concern for people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is authority?

A

the power or ability to carry through an action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is delegation?

A

the passing of authority down the organisational structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is empowerment?

A

a series of actions designed to give employees greater control over their working life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is decentralisation?

A

passing of authority from the centre of an organisation to those working elsewhere in the business

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

adv of a democratic leadership style

A

commitment to business, satisfaction and quality of work may all improve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

dis of a democratic leadership style

A

slow decision making, need for consensus may make it hard to take ‘best’ decisions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

adv of an autocratic leadership style

A

decisions and directions will be consistent, may project image of a confident and well managed business

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

dis of an autocratic leadership style

A

lack of info so subordinates are highly dependent on leaders; supervision needed

18
Q

adv of a laissez-faire leadership style

A

may bring the best out of professional or creative groups, freedom

19
Q

dis of a laissez-faire leadership style

A

may not be deliberate, but bad management. Staff lack focus and sense of direction. Much dissatisfaction

20
Q

what is opportunity cost?

A

the cost of the next best alternative that will be missed by making a particular decision

21
Q

what is the decision making progress?

A

-setting objectives
-gathering and interpreting info
-selecting the chosen option
- implementing the decision
-reviewing

22
Q

what are the types of decisions?

A

-programmed (familiar and routined)
-non-programmed (less structured, unique)
-tactical (short term)
-strategic (long term)

23
Q

what is a risk?

A

the chance of incurring misfortune or loss

24
Q

what is uncertainty in regards to making a decision?

A

a situation in which there is a lack of knowledge and events, outcomes or consequences are unpredictable

25
what is scientific decision making?
it's decisions based on data and uses a logical, rational approach to decision making
26
what is decision making based on intuition or hunch?
it's where managers have to rely on their instinct as to whether or not to make a decision
27
what does the scientific decision making process involve?
-recognising that there is a problem or an opportunity -setting objectives -setting decision criteria -developing and identifying alternatives -comparing alternatives by analysing data -choosing and implementing the course of action -reviewing the effectiveness of the decision
28
when may using intuition be appropriate?
-when a quick decision is necessary, no time to gather data -not enough data available -when the data tells a contradictory story
29
expected value formula
(probability1 x outcome1) + (probability2 x outcome2) + ...
30
what are expected values?
the financial outcomes from a specific course of action adjusted to allow for the probability of it occurring
31
what are net gains?
the expected values of a course of action MINUS the costs associated with it
32
what are programmed decisions?
decisions that deal with problems that are familiar and where the info required to make them is easy to define and obtain
33
what are non-programmed decisions?
decisions that deal with situations that are unstructured and require a unique solution
34
what are the influences on decision making?
-the business's mission and objectives -ethics -the level of risk involved -the external environment -resource constraints
35
what are ethics?
the moral principles which should underpin business decisions and actions
36
what are some internal factors that influence the relationship with stakeholders?
-business objectives -management and leadership styles -size and ownership of the business
37
what are some external factors that influence the relationship with stakeholders?
-market conditions -the power of stakeholder groups -government policies
38
how can you manage your relationship with stakeholders?
-improve communication -stakeholder engagement
39
stakeholder mapping
-partnership -participation -consultation -'push' communications -'pull' communications
40
what is stakeholder engagement?
managers involve individuals and groups who may be affected by their decisions