Unit 2 - Lesson 2: Islam Expands

Question 1

Who were the rightly guided caliphs?

Answer 1

First four Islamic caliphs
Close companions of Muhammad

Question 2

What is the difference between Sunni & Shi’a Muslims?

Answer 2

Sunni: follow Muhammad’s example
Shi’a: leadership by Muhammad’s descendants

Question 3

What are 4 different Caliphates?

Answer 3

Rashidun, Umayyad, Abbasid, Fatimid

Question 4

Why was trade essential to the growth of Islam?

Answer 4

Spread religious, cultural ideas
Increased economic wealth

Question 5

Caliph

Answer 5

Leader of Muslim community
Successor to Prophet Muhammad

Question 6

Rightly Guided Caliphs

Answer 6

First four successors of Muhammad
Led with Quran, Hadith guidance

Question 7

Abu-Bakr

Answer 7

First caliph (632-634)
Muhammad’s close friend

Question 8

Jihad

Answer 8

Struggle or fight against enemies of Islam
Also, personal spiritual struggle

Question 9

Umar

Answer 9

Second caliph (634-644)
Expanded Islamic empire greatly

Question 10

Uthman

Answer 10

Third caliph (644-656)
Compiled official Quran

Question 11

Ali

Answer 11

Fourth caliph (656-661)
Muhammad’s cousin and son-in-law

Question 12

Muawiya

Answer 12

First Umayyad caliph (661-680)
Established Umayyad dynasty

Question 13

Umayyad

Answer 13

Early Islamic caliphate (661-750)
Capital was Damascus

Question 14

Damascus

Answer 14

Umayyad caliphate’s capital
Syrian city

Question 15

Sunni

Answer 15

Largest Islamic branch
Followed the Umayyads

Question 16

Shi’a

Answer 16

Follow Ali’s descendants and rebelled against Umayyads
Second largest Islamic branch

Question 17

Sufi

Answer 17

Islamic mysticism
Focus on a personal relationship with God

Question 18

Abbasids

Answer 18

Overthrew Umayyads (750-1258)
Golden Age of Islam

Question 19

Al-Andalus

Answer 19

Muslim-ruled areas in Spain
Cultural, scientific advancements

Question 20

Cordoba

Answer 20

Capital of Al-Andalus
Center for Learning

Question 21

Baghdad

Answer 21

Abbasid capital from 762
Learning, cultural hub

Question 22

Fatimid Caliphate

Answer 22

Shi’a caliphate in North Africa
Established Cairo as the capital

Question 23

Dinar

Answer 23

Gold coin, currency in Islamic empires
Economic stability symbol

Question 24

First Civil War

Answer 24

-656
Conflict after Uthman’s assassination
This led to the emergence of Umayyad

Question 25

Why were the Muslims able to expand their empire so successfully?

Answer 25

Strong military strategies
Weak neighboring empires