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STEPHANIE Science 6-7 > unit 2 lesson 1-5 > Flashcards

unit 2 lesson 1-5 Flashcards

1
Q

what is an infection

A

a condition that exists when pathogens enter the body and the body reacts to them

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2
Q

what is a pathogen

A

a disease causing micro organism such as certain bacteria or viruses

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3
Q

what is a disease

A

the breakdown of a part of the body or the failure of the body to work properly

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4
Q

what is mucous membranes

A

wet, sticky membranes in the mouth and nose that trap pathogens

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5
Q

what is the immune system

A

is the body system that fights pathogens

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6
Q

what are white blood cells

A

blood cells that fight pathogens

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7
Q

what is an antibody

A

a protein made by white blood cells to fight specific pathogens

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8
Q

what is AIDS

A

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome a disorder that prevents the body’s immune system from defending itself against pathogens

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9
Q

what is the germ theory

A

Louis Pasture proposed that diseases were caused by tiny living things. Where microorganisms caused infectous disease

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10
Q

what is bacteria

A

are one celled organisms without a nucleus

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11
Q

what is a virus

A

a tiny particle that can reproduce only inside the cells of living things

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12
Q

what is a communicable disease

A

a disease that can be passed from one person to another through pathogens

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13
Q

what is an epidemic

A

a communicable disease that spreads out of control

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14
Q

what is a noncommunicable disease

A

a disease that can’t be passed from one person to another

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15
Q

what is a hereditary disease

A

that is caused by genes

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16
Q

what is cancer

A

a noncomunicable disease that is characterized by uncontrolled cell growth

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17
Q

what is an allergy

A

a strong reaction by the body’s immune system

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18
Q

what is an allergen

A

a substance that causes an allergic reaction

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19
Q

what is a nutritional disease

A

caused by a poor diet

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20
Q

what is Quackery

A

the marketing cures that have little health benefit or none at all

21
Q

what is a vaccine

A

a medicine made of dead or weakened pathogens that help the body build defenses against the disease that the pathogens cause

22
Q

what is an antibiotic

A

a drug that slows the growth of bacteria

23
Q

what is nutrition

A

the body’s process of taking in and using food

24
Q

what is an endorphin

A

a chemical released by the brain to reduce pain

25
Q

what are the body’s defense to fight infection and disease

A 
tears
mucous membranes
ear wax
friendly bacteria
stomach acid
dead skin cells
coughs or sneezes
26
Q

how do white blood cells fight pathogens

A

1 white blood cells recognize invading pathogens

2 then they begin to make specific antibodies

27
Q

how do vaccines work

A

they are strong enough to cause your body to produce antibodies

28
Q

how do antibiotics work

A

1 they can change the shape of the bacteria cells so that they can no longer reproduce
2 bacteria cells stretch out longer and thinner until they break open and die

29
Q

list 4 ways to improve your immune system

A

1 nutritious diet
2 regular exercise
3 proper rest
4 stress management

30
Q

what are the most common groups of pathogens

A

bacteria or virus

31
Q

3 ways pathogens are spread

A 
blood transfer
air borne 
other bodily fluids
handshake
animals
32
Q

what causes a communicable diseases

A

CONTAMINATED DRINKING WATER

33
Q

examples of a communicable disease

A

cold

flu

34
Q

examples of a noncommunicable disease

A

heart disease
cancer
diabetes

35
Q

who was Edward Jenner

A

developed vaccine for small pox

36
Q

who was Louis Pasture

A

developed vaccines and pasturization

37
Q

who was Alexander Flemming

A

discovered penicillin

38
Q

what is an antibody

A

an antibody is a protein made by white blood cells to fight a specific protein

39
Q

what system fights pathogens

A

the immune system

40
Q

what is a disease

A

a disease is the breakdown of part of the body or the failure of the body to work properly

41
Q

what is HIV

A

the virus that causes AIDS

42
Q

what is an infection

A

an infection is a condition that exists when pathogens enter the body and the body reacts to them

43
Q

how do antibiotics work

A

antibiotics kill and slow the growth of bacteria

44
Q

how do vaccines work

A

the dead or weakened virus in a vaccine cause your body to produce antibodies then if you are exposed to the viruse the antibodies protect you

45
Q

how do white blood cells fight off pathogens

A

white blood cells produce antibodies to fight off pathogens

46
Q

explain three ways you can care for your immune system

A

1 exercise
2stress relief
3nutritional eating

47
Q

what are the two most common groups of pathogens

A

bacteria and viruses

48
Q

name three noncummunicable diseases that are among the leading causes of death in north america

A

cancer
diabeties
heart disease

STEPHANIE Science 6-7 (3 decks)

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