Unit 2 Lecture Exam Flashcards
Functions of the Skeletal System
Support
Protection
Movement
Mineral Storage
Blood Cell Protection
Energy Storage
Define Mineralitzation
the process of depositing calcium phosphate crystals in an organic bone matrix.
Healing of Fractures
Hematoma
Cartilaginous Soft Callus
Bony Hard Callus
Bone Fixed
Bone Cells
Osteoblast
Osteocytes
Osteoclasts
Bone Homeostasis
Osteoblasts
Build Bone by secreting matrix
Osteocytes
maintain bone tissue, mature form of Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Breakdown bone, involved in bone resorption
Endochondral
Bone developing by replacing hyaline cartilage
Intermembranous
Bone develops directly from sheets of mesenchymal
Synovial Joints
Hinge- elbow
Ball and Socket- shoulder, hip
Pivot- neck
Saddle- thumb
Condyloid-wrist
Plane- carpal bones
Structural Unit of compact bone
Osteon
Main components of bones
Collagen-spongy bone
Hydroxyapatite- hard
Yellow Marrow
Primarily adipose tissue
Red Marrow
produces red blood cells
Purpose of Nutrient Foramen
A small opening in the bone that allows blood vessels and nerves to enter and exit. The primary purpose is to supply the bone with nutrients and oxygen.
Six forms of Bone break.
Simple- bone breaks but not skin
Compound- bone and skin breaks
Greenstick-incomplete fracture
Comminuted- bone shattered
Spiral- fracture due to twist
Transverse- horizontal fracture across bone
tendon
muscle to bone
ligament
bone to bone
wolff’s law
our bones become thicker and stronger over time to resist forces placed upon them and thinner and weaker if there are no forces to act agains
first class fulcrum
between effort and load
second class load
between fulcrum and load
