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National 5 Chemistry > Unit 2-Homologous Series > Flashcards

Unit 2-Homologous Series Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a hydrocarbon?

A

Hydrocarbon is a compound containing hydrogen and carbon only

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2
Q

State the prefixes for hydrocarbons with:

1 carbon

2 carbons

3 carbons

4 carbons

5 carbons

6 carbons

7 carbons

8 carbons

A

1 carbon = meth-

2 carbons = eth-

3 carbons = prop-

4 carbons = but-

5 carbons = pent-

6 carbons = hex-

7 carbons = hept-

8 carbons = oct-

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3
Q

What is a homologous series?

A

A homologous series is a family of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties.

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4
Q

What is the general formula for the alkanes?

A

CnH2n+2

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5
Q

What is the general formula for the alkenes?

A

CnH2n

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6
Q

What is the general formula of the cycloalkanes?

A

CnH2n

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7
Q

Why are alkanes described as saturated?

A

The carbon to carbon bonds in alkanes are all single bonds.

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8
Q

Why are alkenes described as unsaturated?

A

Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain at least one double or triple carbon to carbon bond.

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9
Q

What is the test for unsaturation?

A

Decolourises bromine water

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10
Q

Alkenes are more reactive than alkanes because they have a carbon to carbon double bond.

What type of reaction occurs when reactants such as Hydrogen or Chlorine attacks and breaks the double bond?

A

Addition reaction

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11
Q

What is formed when an alkene undergoes an addition reaction with hydrogen?

A

Alkane

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12
Q

The molecules can be described as isomers.

Define isomers.

A

Isomers have the same molecular formula (same numbers of carbons and hydrogens) but different structural formulae

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13
Q

What is the name of this compound?

A

Pentane

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14
Q

What is the name of this compound?

A

Propene

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15
Q

What is the name of this compound?

A

Cyclooctane

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16
Q

What is the name of this compound?

A

2-methylbutane

17
Q

Which of the following molecules is an isomer of heptane?

A

B. 3-methylhexane

18
Q

Which of the following could be the molecular formula of a cycloalkane?

A C7H10

B C7H12

C C7H14

D C7H16

A

C. C7H14

National 5 Chemistry (18 decks)

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