Unit 2 Hematology lab values tests

Question 1

Bone marrow cellularity

Answer 1

Ratio of hematopoietic cells to fat; ratio is 50-50

Question 2

Bone marrow myeloid to erythroid ratio

Answer 2

Ratio 2=1 to 5=1

Question 3

Define bone marrow trilineage hematopoiesis

Answer 3

Three lineages= granulocyte precursors, erythroid precursors, megakaryocytes.

Question 4

Defined bone marrow left shift

Answer 4

Left shift I is a shift to immaturity—it may be reactive or neoplastic.

Question 5

Normal value of plasma cells in the bone marrow

Answer 5

Less than 3%

Question 6

Normal value of lymphocytes in bone marrow

Answer 6

Less than 20%

Question 7

Normal value blast cells in the bone marrow

Answer 7

Less than 3%

Question 8

Hemoglobin =

Answer 8

Heme + globin

Question 9

Heme =

Answer 9

Iron + protoporphyrin

Question 10

Hematocrit =

Answer 10

MCV × RBC

Question 11

MCH =

Answer 11

Hemoglobin ÷ RBC

Question 12

Indicates the major forms of hemoglobin and their chain composition

Answer 12

Hemoglobin A: α2, β2

Hemoglobin A 2: α2,

Question 13

Indicate the variant forms of hemoglobin and the chain composition

Answer 13

Hemoglobin H: 4 beta chains
Hemoglobin Barts: 4 gamma chains
Hemoglobin Portland: 2 gamma chains + 2 delta chains

Question 14

Normal hemoglobin: male, female

Answer 14

Male: 14 –18 grams per deciliter; Female: 12 – 16 grams per deciliter

Question 15

Normal hematocrit: male, female

Answer 15

Male: 40% – 54%; Female: 35% – 47%

Question 16

Normal red blood cell count: male, female

Answer 16

Mail: 4.5 – 6 x 10^6 per microliter

E-mail: 4 –5.5 × 10 ^ 6 per microliter

Question 17

Normal reticulocytes

Answer 17

0.5%–2.5%

Question 18

RBC: MCV

Answer 18

82 – 100 cubic micrometers

Question 19

RBC: MCH

Answer 19

27 – 34 picograms

Question 20

RBC: MCHC

Answer 20

32% – 36%

Question 21

WBC: absolute count

Answer 21

4000 – 11,000

Question 22

WBC differential: absolute neutrophils count (ANC), (%)

Answer 22

ANC: 1800 –7000, (50 to 60%)

Question 23

WBC differential: neutrophils bands count (%)

Answer 23

Bands: 0 – 700,(2% – 4%)

Question 24

WBC differential: lymphocyte count (%)

Answer 24

1500 – 4000,(30% – 40%)

Question 25

WBC differential: monocyte count (%)

Answer 25

0 – 800,(1% – 9%)

Question 26

WBC differential: basophil count (%)

Answer 26

0 – 200,(0% – 1%)

Question 27

WBC differential: eosinophil count (%)

Answer 27

0 – 450,(0% – 3%)

Question 28

Normal platelet count:

Answer 28

150,000 – 400,000 per microliter

Question 29

MCHC =

Answer 29

Hemoglobin ÷ Hematocrit

Question 30

Definition of anemia

Answer 30

Reduction in circulating RBC mass

Question 31

3 surrogate markers of anemia

Answer 31

Red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit

Question 32

Anemia: critical criteria

Answer 32

Men: hemoglobin < 13.5,
Women: hemoglobin < 12.5

Question 33

Microcytic anemia: definition, etiology

Answer 33

MCV < 80; Iron deficiency, thalassemia, sideroblastic, chronic disease (later); “puny tics”

Question 34

Macrocytic anemia: definition, etiology

Answer 34

MCV > 100; Nutritional efficiency, alcohol, liver disease, hypothyroidism, reticulocytosis, bone marrow disease

Question 35

Normocytic anemia: definition, etiology

Answer 35

MCV = 80 – 100; chronic disease, kidney disease, acute blood loss

Question 36

Polycythemia Vera: definition

Answer 36

Increased red blood cell count; hematocrit > 54% in men, hematocrit > 47% in women

Question 37

Normal transferrin saturation (TSAT)

Answer 37

33%

Question 38

Corrected reticulocyte count =

Answer 38

Reticulocyte count × Hct/45

Question 39

Corrected reticulocyte count > 3%

Answer 39

Bone marrow responding adequately; RBC are being destroyed peripherally

Question 40

Corrected reticulocyte count <3%

Answer 40

Bone marrow is not responding adequately; RBC are being underproduced

Question 41

Osmotic fragility test (OSF)

Answer 41

Diagnostic test for hereditary spherocytosis; spherocytes will demonstrate membrane fragility in a hypotonic solution

Question 42

Sucrose test (RBC)

Answer 42

Screening test for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)

Question 43

Acidified serum test or flow cytometry for CD55 (RBC)

Answer 43

Confirmatory test for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)

Question 44

Heinz staining test

Answer 44

Screening test for G6PD deficiency

Question 45

Coombs test: direct and indirect

Answer 45

Coombs test also know as anti-globulin test. Diagnostic test for immune hemolytic anemia. Direct: test RBC for antibody or complement attachment; Indirect: test for antibody in serum

Question 46

Monospot test

Answer 46

Screening test for infectious mononucleosis caused by EBV. Also called heterophile antibody test.

Question 47

Monospot test interpretation

Answer 47

Positive test: EBV mononucleosis; Negative test: mononucleosis caused by another virus i.e. CMV.