Unit 2 Flashcards
Hierarchy
How people rank in an organisation -The different levels of authority within the organisation
Chain of Command
A system by which instructions are passed from one person to another
Delegation
Passing responsibility to perform tasks to workers lower down the organisation
Organisation Chart
Visual representation of a company’s internal structure
Subordinate
Someone working below you
Laissez-Faire
Decisions are made with the best interests of the employees at heart
Democratic
The manager encourages the workforce to join in the decision making process. They discuss issues, delegate responsibility and listen to advice
Autocratic
Manager makes their own decisions without consulting the workforce
Trade union
An organisation of employees aimed at improving the pay and working conditions, and providing other services such as legal advice.
Job description
A list of the key points about the job, job title, key duties, responsibilities and accountability
Person specification
A list of the qualifications, skills, experience, and personal qualities looked for in a successful applicant
Job analysis
It identifies the content of the job such as what is involved
Induction
Introduction to your environment on first day
Off-The-Job training
Training that takes place away from the workplace, for example at college or university
On-The-Job training
Training at the place of work, watching or following an experienced employee
CV
A document listing your achievements and skills - A chance to sell yourself to a potential employer
Internal recruitment
They employ an employee who is already in the company to fill in a place (Job promotion)
External recruitment
If a business decides that none of its current employees has the necessary skills to fill in a spot they will hire externally
Delayering
Removing some of the layers of management
Job rotation
Increasing the variety in the workplace by allowing workers to switch from one task to another
Job enlargement
Increasing or widening tasks to increase variety for workers
Job enrichment
Organising work so that workers are encouraged to use their full abilities
Job satisfaction
How happy and content a person is with their job
Team working
Organising production so that groups of workers complete the whole unit of work
Quality circles
Groups of workers who meet regularly to work discuss work related problems
Absenteeism
Employees non attendance at work without good reason
Labour turnover
The rate at which employees leave a business
Piece rate
Paying employees for each unit produced
Job dissatisfaction
How unhappy and discontent a person is with their job
Financial rewards
Cash and non-cash rewards which are often used to motivate employees which are often used to motivate employees to increase their efforts
Non financial rewards
Methods used to motivate employees that do not involve giving any financial reward
Hourly wage rate
A payment to employees based on a fixed amount for each hour worked
Salary
A fixed annual payment to certain grades and types of staff not based on hours worked or output
Commission
A payment to sales staff based on the value of the items they sell
Bonus
An additional reward staff for performing to the required standard
Fringe benefits
Non-cash rewards often used to recruit or retain employees and to recognise the status of certain employees
Profit sharing
An additional payment to employees based on the profits of the business
Organisational structure
The formal, internal framework of a business that shows how it is managed and organised
Functional departments
The main activities of business: finance, marketing, operations, human resources and research and development
Span of control
The number of subordinates reporting to each supervisor/manager
Centralised organisation
One where all the important decision-making power is held at head office or the centre
Decentralised organisation
One where the decision-making powers are passed down the organisation to lower levels
Directors
Appointed or elected members of the board of directors of a company who have the responsibility for determining and implementing the company’s policy. Some directors might also have a management role, for example a marketing director.
Annual General Meeting (AGM)
A meeting for shareholders that limited companies must
Chief executive officer (CEO)
The most senior manager responsible for the overall performance and success of a company
Manager
An individual who is in charge of a certain group of tasks or a certain area or department of a business, for example factory manager
Supervisor
An individual who checks and controls the work of subordinates
Shortlist
A list of candidates who are chosen from all of the applicants to be interviewed for the job
Resignation
Termination of employment by the employee, perhaps because they have found a job with a different employer
Retirement
Termination of employment due to the employee reaching an age beyond which they do not need to work
Redundancy
Termination of employment by the employer because their job is no longer needed
Dismissal
Termination by the employer because the employee has broken company rules or is not performing work to the required standard
Communication Media
The methods used to communicate a message
Feedback
The receivers response to a message
Effective communication
Information passed between 2 or more people or groups, with feedback to confirm that the message has been received and understood
Two way communication
The receiver is allowed to respond to the message and the sender listens to the response
