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7th grade history > Unit 2 flash cards/stuff > Flashcards

Unit 2 flash cards/stuff

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1
Q

Government

A

-Any group of people living together in a country, state, city, or local community that have to live by certain rules

-Public governments refer to governments of a nation, state, city, province, or village.

-Private governments are used in informal ways such as to bring order to a club, family, or corporation.

-Responsibilities of Government are to make laws,enforce laws,Defend,Protect that society, Trading and taxing the citizens.

-Common Elements of a government Sovereignty,legitimacy and jurisdiction

-Sovereignty refers to the power and authority the government has over its people and land.

  • Legitimacy refers to whether or not the citizens recognize the power of the government and that the government has authority

-Jurisdiction is the right a government has to make laws and enforce those laws within certain geographical borders.

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2
Q

democracy

A

-citizens hold the power
-Decision making power for people/cityzens

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3
Q

representative democracy

A

-citizens elect officials to represent them in the government
-Citizens choose who to be a government and can choose what to do.
-If they don’t like that government that can chose a new one.

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4
Q

direct democracy

A

-Every person’s vote counts when making decisions
-Everyone votes count for every major thing

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5
Q

oligarchy

A

a group of rich landowners known as aristocrats held all of the power

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6
Q

autocracy

A

-one person with absolute power
-One person runs the government

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7
Q

monarchy

A

-Form of autocracy, or rule by 1

-There is one monarch that rules -a king or queen

-Monarchs comes to power through their family line
In modern times, most
monarchies are constitutional monarchies because they are subject to the country’s
constitution

-Modern day examples: United Kingdom, Norway, and Saudi Arabia

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8
Q

dictatorship

A
  • leaders or leaders hold ultimate power
    -Rules by force
    -Making all government decisions
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9
Q

theocracy

A

-A theocracy is a government that recognizes God or divine being ultimate authority
-theocracy can be democracy,dictatorship and monarchy.

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9
Q

tribe

A

-A collection of families headed usually by male members of the community.

-If a male ran the tribe it is called patriarchal

-If a Female ran a tribe it is called Matriarchal

-Tribes are social groups of many families, clans, or generations that share the same language, customs, and beliefs.

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9
Q

anarchy

A

-lack of government
-A society that lacks any form of government is said to be living in anarchy

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10
Q

matriarchal

A
  • Tribe led by females
    -Tribes are social groups of many families, clans, or generations that share the same language, customs, and beliefs.
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11
Q

BC

A

-before christ
-Years count backwards
-Ex Julius Caesar born 100 BC died in 64BC

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11
Q

patriarchal

A

-A tribe led by men
-Tribes are social groups of many families, clans, or generations that share the same language, customs, and beliefs.

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12
Q

BCE

A

-before common era
-This is because they didn’t want anything to do with religion.

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13
Q

AC

A

-anno dommin means “year of lord” For events that happened after jesus christ

-AD does not mean After death

-AD Number years after Jesus birth

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14
Q

CE

A

-common era

-This is because they didn’t want anything to do with religion.

15
Q

Buddhism

A

-An asian religion
-Buddhism is the name for a complex system of beliefs developed around the teachings of the Buddha,Buddha means the Enlightened One
-the founder of Buddhism is Siddhartha Gautama

16
Q

Confucianism

A
17
Q

Sui Dynasty

A

-Started in 589 ended in 618
-Yang Jian became the leader of northern China in 581 and in 589 he conquered southern China
-Yang Jian had done
created a new capital city

-repaired portions of the Great Wall of China in the north that had been destroyed
reduced taxes for the peasants

-conducted a census to make sure taxes were collected fairly

-ensured every male who was eligible to be taxed received a piece of land

18
Q

Period of Disunion

A

-it lasted from 220 C.E. until 589 C.E.
-This time period was characterized by disunity, conflict, and chaos as rival groups tried to gain power

19
Q

hierarchy

A

it is a high standing government

20
Q

Feudalism

A

-A ranking base where the ruler set it
-For europe it would go like the
Priest first
Monarch Second
Lord Third
Knights Fourth
Serfs Fifth

21
Q

Middle Ages

A

-an area where for europe it was bad for them because of no improvements and the black plague
-For Asia It was called the golden ages throughout 500-1500 because they had discovered a new way to make paper and overall they had some big achievement
-5th-15th centuries Europe after the Fall of Rome

22
Q

Christianity

A

-Roman Empire was the Christian religion
-Christians believe that Jesus is the son of God and that God sent him to earth to save people from their sins
-Missionaries and monks helped to spread Christianity to other parts of europe
-

23
Q

knight

A

-Europe and all nobles and knights were considered their vassals
-The Knight would protect land
-The knight can also pay people for renting there land and protecting them for the nobbles or the serfs

24
Q

serf

A

-peasants
-They have to pay for land

25
Q

Mongols

A

-They ruled all of asia
-They would ask people to give them their land but if they didn’t they would kill them

25
Q

Yasa

A

-Genghis Khan used it
-The laws were strict and unforgiving
-The laws demanded complete obedience to Genghis Khan, unity of all tribes under his authority, and punishment without mercy for those who disobeyed

26
Q

Yang Jian

A

-Empire of sui Dynasty
-Yang Jian was named Wendi after his death and may be referenced as such in various sources, He is also referenced as Emperor Wen
- Yang Jian became the leader of northern China in 581 and in 589 he conquered southern China

27
Q

Genghis Khan

A

-conquest of the Mongols through small raids on the Western Xia in the early 1200s

28
Q

Kublai Khan

A

-Member of the mughals

-he conquered the Southern Song Dynasty

-leader Of Mughals

-Kublai Khan’s successes were the rebuilding of the Grand Canal

29
Q

Mughals

A

-The empire lasted between 1526 and 1857

  • The Empire at its height stretched from portions of Afghanistan and Pakistan.

-Their greatest goal was to win back their ancestral territories in Asia and rebuild the great empire of the Great Khan’s of old

  • There were many different customs, traditions, and languages throughout the empire as well
29
Q

Taj mahals

A

A mausoleum built during the Mughal Empire in modern day India

Built by Shah Jahan as a tomb in honor of his beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal

It took 20,000 workers, 1,000 elephants, and 22 years to complete

A masterpiece that brought together Indian, Persian, and Islamic architectural styles

29
Q

Babur

A

-Babur founded the Mughal empire
-Babur was able to fight off the advances and maintain his rule
-Babur struggled to maintain lands conquered
-Babur won a great victory in the Battle of Khanwa which made him ruler over North India

29
Q

Akbar

A

-Akbar greatly expanded the empire and secured the throne during the height of the Mughal dynasty
-Akbar established numerous government reforms to make it fairer for Muslims, Christians, and Hindus to co-exist and practice their beliefs
-Akbar formed many alliances through marrying Hindu princesses
- Died in 1605

29
Q

Jahangir

A

-Jahangir had poisoned his father akbar
-Jahangir, 4th Mughal Emperor
- Jahangir had relative stability and economic growth.
-Jahangir died in 1627

29
Q

shah Jahan

A

-Shah Jahan is most famously known for the construction of the Taj Mahal
-a tomb built in the 1600s as a mausoleum for his wife
-Shah Jahan loved her so much that he gave her the nickname Mumtaz Mahal. Which means ornament of the palace
-The Taj Mahal brought together the Indian, Persian, and Islamic architectural styles

29
Q

Aurangzeb

A

-Aurangzeb was the last great ruler over the Mughal empire
-Aurangzeb was born on November 3, 1618
-Under Aurangzeb India became the most wealthy empire in the world, surpassing every European and Asian government
-he was constantly putting down rebellions caused by his religious intolerance, this drained the treasury and hurt the economy, forcing him to increase taxes
-the British allowed Mughal rule until 1857

29
Q

checks and balances

A

-checks and balances provide that no one branch can gain too much power
-Checks and balances help the principle of government under which separate branches are empowered to prevent actions by other branches and are induced to share power
-Checks and balances can modify the separation of powers, may operate under.

30
Q

Veto

A

-Veto means “I forbid” in Latin
-This power made the tribunes very powerful; however, to combat them gaining too much power they could only stay in office one year
-The tribunes had the ability to veto actions by other officials

7th grade history (4 decks)

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