Unit 2-Federalism

Question 1

The doctrine that a state can declare null and void a federal law that, in the states opinion violates the constitution

Answer 1

Nullification

Question 2

States are prohibited from unreasonably discriminating against resident from other states

Answer 2

Privileges and Immunities Clause

Question 3

States or local governments are supposed to meet requirements at their own expense

Answer 3

Unfunded mandates

Question 4

States may return fugitives to a state from which they have fled to avoid criminal prosecution at the request of the governor of the state

Answer 4

Extradition

Question 5

Power is distributed between the federal and state governments

Answer 5

Federalism

Question 6

Expanded the powers of congress over interstate commerce

Answer 6

Gibbons v. Ogden

Question 7

Held up the supremacy clause

Answer 7

McCulloch v Maryland

Question 8

Money and resources provided by federal government to the state and local governments to be used for specific projects or programs

Answer 8

Grant-in-aid

Question 9

A transfer of power to political subunits

Answer 9

Devolution

Question 10

Federal funds given to the states for programs in broad policy areas such as law enforcement, with few, if any, restrictions on how the money is used

Answer 10

Block Grants

Question 11

Federal funds given to state and local governments for specific programs that usually require the receipt to match the money provided and have other strings attached

Answer 11

Categorical grants

Question 12

Powers that are shared by both the federal government and the states

Answer 12

Concurrent powers

Question 13

A model of the relationship between the federal government and the states that developed during the 1930’s. The power of the federal government expands into ares that the states are usually responsible for. Sometimes referred to as Marble Cake Federalism.

Answer 13

Cooperative Federalism

Question 14

Terms set by the national government that states must meet if they are to receive certain federal funds.

Answer 14

Conditions of Aid

Question 15

Powers that the constitution specifically grants to the federal government

Answer 15

Delegated powers

Question 16

A model of the relationship between the federal government and the states in which each is supreme in It’s own sphere and tension exists between them. States rights are emphasized, and the federal government is limited to the enumerated powers. AKA cake federalism

Answer 16

Dual federalism

Question 17

A type of federalism that deals with the flow of funds through grants and other means from the federal government to the states and municipalities

Answer 17

Fiscal federalism

Question 18

How the government uses taxes and spending to impact the economy. Associated with Keynesian economics.

Answer 18

Fiscal policy

Question 19

Article IV, section 1 of the constitution states that laws, records, and court decisions of one state are recognized and valid in every other state.

Answer 19

Full faith and credit clause

Question 20

Powers of the federal government not specifically mentioned in the constitution but derived from the necessary and proper clause.

Answer 20

Implied powers

Question 21

Powers, usually claimed by the president, that are implied but not specifically stated in the constitution or derived from the office

Answer 21

Inherent powers

Question 22

An agreement between two or more states approved by the congress. The Colorado river compact (1922), which divided water from the Colorado river between Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah and Wyoming, is a good example

Answer 22

Interstate compacts

Question 23

A law, regulation, or court decision that compels a state or local government to do something under the threat of legal action or the cutoff of federal funds

Answer 23

Mandates

Question 24

A clause in article 1 section 8 of the constitution that enables the congress to enact laws “necessary and proper” to carry out enumerated powers. Also known as the elastic clause because it expands the power of the government.

Answer 24

Necessary and proper clause AKA elastic clause

Question 25

Under the 10th amendment, powers not granted to the federal government or denied to the states are reserved for the people.

Answer 25

Reserved powers

Question 26

A program (1972-1986) that distributed federal funds to the states and municipalities with no restrictions on how money was spent.

Answer 26

Revenue sharing

Question 27

The provision in article VI of the constitution that states the constitution, federal laws, and treaties are the supreme law of the land

Answer 27

Supremacy clause