unit 2: executive branch vocab Flashcards

1
Q

the president’s use of his position and visibility to guide or influence the american republic

A

bully pulpit

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2
Q

an annual address given by the president to congress in which the president outlines his legislative agenda

A

state of the union

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3
Q

the authority of congress to conduct hearing, investigations, and budget reviews regarding the actions of the executive branch

A

congressional oversight

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4
Q

the inability of the government to act because opposing parties control different parts of the government and cannot agree on a course of action

A

gridlock

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5
Q

authority given to the president that is specifically mentioned in the constitution

A

formal power

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6
Q

authority given to the president that is not specifically mentioned in the constitution

A

informal power

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7
Q

a directive that carries the weight of law that is given by the president without the consent of congress

A

executive order

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8
Q

a pact between the president and the head of a foreign nation. Unlike treaties, they do not require senate consent and may only last for the duration of a president’s term

A

executive agreement

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9
Q

a formal, public agreement between the united states and one or more nations that most be approved by 2/3s of the senate

A

treaty

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10
Q

the heads of the 15 executive branch departments that also serve as advisors to the president

A

cabinet

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11
Q

the president’s ability to keep certain communications private. United States v. Nixon clarified its limitations

A

executive privelage

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12
Q

this provision of the constitution limits presidential terms to 2, not to exceed 10 years

A

22nd amendment

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13
Q

this provision of the constitution states the process for presidential succession and disability

A

25th amendment

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14
Q

the presidential power to deny a bill passed by congress

A

veto

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15
Q

when a bill fails to become a law, because the president did not sign it within 10 days before congress adjourned

A

pocket veto

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16
Q

the power to cancel specific dollar amounts within a bill. While the supreme court has ruled presidents may not use these, state governors still can

A

line-item veto

17
Q

issued by the president after passing a bill into law; reveals what the president thinks of a new law and how it ought to be enforced

A

signing statement

18
Q

the constitutional process of bringing charges against a government official

A

impeachment

19
Q

official forgiveness of a crime

A

pardon

20
Q

an official still in office after he or she has lost a bid for re-election or has reached his/her term limit

A

lame duck

21
Q

a large, complex organization composed of appointed officials

A

bureaucracy

22
Q

the part of the executive branch that supports the president his responsibilities, from security to trade

A

executive office of the president

23
Q

personnel who run day-to-day operations in the white house and advise the president

A

white house staff

24
Q

15 large agencies of the federal government that carry out laws and regulations within their respective areas. Each is headed by a secretary

A

executive departments

25
Q

agencies that are responsible for monitoring large government sectors, such as the federal reserve, and are not subject to control by either congress or the president

A

independent regulatory commissions

26
Q

a government agency that carries out business-like functions, such as the united states postal service

A

government corperations

27
Q

this part of the bureaucracy helps the president prepare the budget for the fiscal year

A

office of management and budget

28
Q

the extent to which appointed bureaucrats can choose courses of action and make policies that are not spelled out in advance by the laws of the constitution

A

discretionary authority bureaucratic discretion

29
Q

the part of the government that fulfills the daily function fo the bureaucracy. These government workers are hired on the basis of merit

A

civil service

30
Q

Procedure of hiring and promoting government employees on the basis
of their abilities and competence rather than political favors.

A

merit system

31
Q

the law that created a merit-based system for the hiring of members of civil service

A

pendleton act

32
Q

a mutually beneficial relationship between an agency, a congressional committee, and an interest group

A

iron triangle

33
Q

the use of government authority to control of change business practices in the private sector

A

regulation

34
Q

a link of policy experts, interest groups, think tanks, congressional staff members, media pundits, etc. who regularly debate an issue

A

issue network

35
Q

a legislative grant of money to finance a government program of agency

A

appropriations