Unit 2 Exam Flashcards
Connective Tissue Function
Connects and binds tissues together
3 Components of Connective Tissue
Specialized Cells
Extracellular Fibers
Ground Substance
2 Types of Specialized Cells
Fixed Cells
Wandering Cells
3 Types of Fixed Cells
Fibroblast
Adipocyte
Reticular Cell
Fibroblast
Involved with the development of connective tissue
Adipocyte
Involved with storage of energy
Reticular Cell
Phagocytic cell of reticular connective tissue that causes an increase in lymphatic tissue
2 Types of Wandering Cells
Mast Cells
WBCs
Mast Cells
Contain heparin and histamine
Recognized foreign invaders and release histamine and heparin as part of the anti-inflammatory response
WBCs
Neutrophils Monocytes Eosinophils Lymphocytes Basophils
3 Types of Extracellular Fibers
Collagen
Reticular Fibers
Elastic Fibers
Collagen
Main extracellular protein of most connective tissues and is found predominately in the skin and bone.
Gives structure and shape to tissue.
Reticular Fibers
Found in liver and spleen.
Gives framework and support for cellular organs.
Elastic Fiber
Found in alveolar sacs and also in bones of young animals.
Allows for stretching of a tissue.
Emphysema
A condition in which the alveolar sacs are damaged resulting in a decrease in pulmonary compliance.
Ground Substance
Shapeless, viscous matrix of connective tissue.
Allows for attachment, provides nutrients, and eliminates waste.
Osteology
The study of bone
Periosteum
Membrane surrounding bone
Epiphysis
End of the bone, composed of cancellous bone (spongy bone)
Epiphyseal Plate
Growth plate
Where lengthening of bone occurs
Diaphysis
Shaft of bone
Composed of cortical bone (compact bone)
Haversian Canals
vertical opening for blood vessels
Volkmann Canals
horizontal connection between haversian canals
Gas exchange between cardiovascular system and bone
Medullary Cavity
hollow center of bone
Red Bone Marrow
Produces RBC, WBC, and platelets
Yellow Bone Marrow
Stores fat to be used for energy
Function of Bone
Support/stability Protection Production of RBC, WBC, Platelets Storage for CA+ and P+ Provides point of attachment for muscle Stores fat
Osteoperosis
Estrogen levels drop and calcium is released
Ossification
Production of bone
Performed by osteoblast
Thyroid and the Bone
Produces Calcitonin
Increases osteoblast numbers
Osteomas
Thickening of bone (over-growth)
Parathyroid and the Bone
produces parathyroid hormone (PTH) parathormone
Increases osteoclast numbers (overactive = thinning of bone)
De-ossification
Breakdown of the bones
Performed by osteoclasts
Bones are never more than 7 years old
