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Health & Social care > unit 2 equality , diversity > Flashcards

unit 2 equality , diversity Flashcards

1
Q

what is equality

A

ensuring that a person is treated fairly and is given the same opportunities regardless of their differences

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2
Q

what is diversity

A

recognising and respecting individuals differences

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3
Q

what are examples of aspects of diversity

A

race
social class
cultural differences
language
gender
age

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4
Q

what is empowerment

A

care workers supporting individuals to be in control of their own lives

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5
Q

what is independence

A

not relying on others and having freedom to make your own decisions

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6
Q

what is inclusion

A

providing individuals with equal opportunities so that they are involved and feel that they belong

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7
Q

what is respect

A

having regard for the feelings,wishes and rights of others

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8
Q

what is dignity

A

not undermining a persons self respect

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9
Q

what is legislation

A

laws passed by parliament which state the rights of individuals to protect people at work and those who are affected by work activities.

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10
Q

rights are below

A
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11
Q

what is choice

A

individuals have control over their lives and this increases self esteem

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12
Q

what is confidentiality

A

private information should only be shared on a need to know basis with individuals who are directly involved with an individuals care

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13
Q

what is protection from abuse and harm

A

care workers and practitioners should have safeguarding procedures and safety measures in place and should follow health and safety legislation

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14
Q

what is equal and fair treatment

A

individuals working in a health and social care or child care services should be treated within the law and according to their needs

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15
Q

what is consultation

A

individuals using the health social care or childcare setting should be asked for their opinions and views about their care and treatment and this should inform the care they receive

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16
Q

what is right to life

A

An individual’s life is protected by human rights law ; everyone’s right to life should be valued and respected

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17
Q

what are values of care

A

core beliefs that underpin the work of those providing health,social care and child care services

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18
Q

what some values of care

A

dignity
choice
compassion
privacy
communication
independence
equality
individuality
confidentiality

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19
Q

value of care- promoting equality and diversity

A

Equality - access to care services provided for everyone e.g. wheelchair ramps,hearing loop
-staff using non discriminatory language

Diversity - offering choice,e.g. menus with a range of options catering for all needs,vegetarian,diabetic,halal
- care home residents being offered a variety of different activities and outings to take part in

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20
Q

value of care- promoting individual rights and beliefs

A

Rights - mobility,dietary and communication needs are met
- ensuring all areas and resources in care settings are accessible to all
- consulting with an expectant mother and whether she would prefer a home or hospital birth

Beliefs - cultural and religious dietary needs met, e.g. menus with options such as kosher,halal
- providing a prayer room
- residential settings celebrating a range of different festivals, such as Eid ,Christmas,Hanukkah

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21
Q

value of care- maintaining confidentiality

A
  • private information shared by care workers only on a need to know basis,e.g. information about a patient’s illness and treatment would be shared only with the practitioners directly involved in working with that person, not told to all staff
  • information such as patient records kept securely in a locked filling cabinet or password electronic records so that access is limited to authorised staff
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22
Q

what do the values of care in child care services focus on

A
  • valuing diversity
  • ensuring equality of opportunity
  • anti discriminatory practice
  • working in partnership with parents, guardians and families
  • working with other professionals
  • keeping children safe and maintaining a healthy environment
    -making the welfare of the child paramount
  • encouraging children’s learning and development
  • maintaining confidentiality
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23
Q

value of care- making the welfare of the child paramount

A
  • having a safeguarding policy and protection procedures in place, e.g. having a child protection officer ( an individual who is the first point of contact from staff if there is any concern about a child’s welfare
  • all staff working with children should be DBS checked to check if the staff have any criminal record as this prevents unsuitable people working with children
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24
Q

value of care- keeping children safe and maintaining a healthy environment

A
  • having security measures in place to control access e.g. lanyards and visitor badges and CCTV cameras
  • carrying out risk assessments and regular maintenance checks on all equipment, furniture and toys to check for faults or damage that could injure individuals
  • food provided by the care setting should meet healthy eating guidelines
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25
Q

values of care- working in partnership with parents, guardians and families

A
  • staff can have informal chats with parents when the child is dropped or collected
  • parents should be invited in to discuss any issues or problems
  • effective communication will help parents be involved with what is happening with their child at school or nursery
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26
Q

values of care- encouraging children’s learning and development

A
  • childcare settings such as primary schools should provide a range of activities appropriate for the children’s ages and abilities
  • to enable all to participate and learn, children’s progress should be monitored so that support or extension activities can be provided
  • resources such as toys, games and equipment should be accessible for all children in the setting
  • special equipment should be provided if needed, such as a learning support assistant
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27
Q

value of care- valuing diversity

A
  • primary schools, toys,displays and resources in nurseries should reflect different cultures and beliefs
  • a wide range of festivals could be celebrated with the children; Diwali , Hanukkah, Eid, Christmas
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28
Q

value of care- ensuring equality of opportunity

A
  • tasks and activities should be differentiated to meet children’s individual needs enabling each child to progress and achieve their potential
  • ensure that all areas of the setting and all activities are accessible for all the children by making adaptations e.g. wheelchair ramps,easy-read books
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29
Q

value of care- anti discriminatory practice

A
  • all children should be treated fairly and that staff should not have “favourites”
  • any discriminatory actions or language should be challenged
  • ensure that no one is excluded or marginalised from challenges
  • staff should be good role models by demonstrating inclusive behaviour
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30
Q

value of care - maintaining confidentiality

A
  • private information should be shared by child care workers only on a need to know basis
  • e.g. information about a child’s progress records must be kept securely in a locked filling cabinet or password protected electronic records so that access is limited to authorised staff
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30
Q

value of care- working with other professionals

A
  • in certain circumstances information has to be shared openly but sensitively with a group of practitioners involved in the care of a child
  • e.g. in a child protection case a teacher, a social worker, a GP and the police may be involved in discussions about the best interests of the child in the situation
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31
Q

what is an advocate

A

someone who speaks on behalf of an individual who is unable to speak up for themselves

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32
Q

which individuals might need an advocate

A

young children,individuals with a learning or physical disability, people with a condition such as Alzhiemer’s , mental health problems

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33
Q

what organisations provide advocacy support

A

SEAP( support empower advocate promote)
Mencap
empower me

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34
Q

how can an advocate can support an individual

A
  • going with an individual to meetings,or attending for them
  • helping an individual find and access information
  • writing letters on the individual’s behalf
  • speaking on behalf of the individual at a case conference to express their wishes
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35
Q

what situations could include advocacy support

A
  • a family friend represents an older person with dementia by speaking about their needs with a hospital social worker when a care plan is being discussed, to ensure the older person’s best interests are supported.
  • a volunteer from a charity such as mind helps with an application for disability benefits to ensure the individuals rights and entitlements are supported
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36
Q

what would an advocate do

A
  • be completely independent and represent the individuals views
  • ensure an individuals rights and needs are recognised
  • represent an individuals wishes and views
  • speak on behalf of an individual who cannot speak for themselves
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37
Q

what would an advocate not do

A
  • judge the individual
  • give their own personal opinion
  • make decisions for the individual
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38
Q

what are support groups

A

they are groups that empower individuals to take back control of their lives when they have ,or are caring for an individual with, an illness, long term condition or disability

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39
Q

what do support groups provide

A
  • provide for each other with advice ,encouragement and support
  • give people the chance to talk to others who can understand what they are going through because they have experienced it themselves
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40
Q

what is an informal support

A

care given by those who are not paid to do so and who are not professionally trained care workers. e.g. friends, family and neighbours often provide informal support for individuals

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41
Q

informal support for individuals can take the form of helping with daily tasks such as :

A
  • personal care
  • shopping
  • collecting prescriptions
  • preparing meals
  • doing laundry
  • keeping someone company ,having a chat
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42
Q

what is discrimination

A

the unjust and unfair treatment of individuals based on their differences

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43
Q

what can discrimination be based on

A
  • race
  • culture
  • disability
  • social class
  • age
  • gender
  • sex orientation
  • religion
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44
Q

what is race

A

the ethnic group that a person belongs to

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45
Q

what is culture

A

a group of people who share the same ideas, customs, language, dress, beliefs, values, social behaviour in a society

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46
Q

what is a disability

A

a physical or mental impairment that has a crucial impact on a person’s ability to do normal daily activities

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47
Q

what is social class

A

someone’s economic status where people are grouped into social hierarchical social categories

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48
Q

what is age

A

there can be negative perceptions of some age groups such as older adults

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49
Q

what is sexual orientation

A

examples include gay,lesbian,straight,bisexual and asexual

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49
Q

what is gender

A

whether someone is a male or female

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50
Q

what is religion

A

a system of beliefs and values such as Jewish or Muslim

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51
Q
A
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52
Q

what is direct discrimination

A

intentionally putting someone at a disadvantage or treating them unfairly based on their differences

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52
Q

what is abuse

A

is a negative and harmful way of behaving towards an individual or group of people and can take the form of physical, emotional, sexual, verbal, psychological or socially excluding someone

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53
Q

what is indirect discrimination

A

this is when a policy, practice or rule applies to everybody but has a detrimental effect on or disadvantages some people or a particular group

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54
Q

what is prejudice

A

a negative attitude or dislike of an individual or group, often based on ill informed personal opinion e.g. race or gender

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55
Q

what is stereotyping

A

is where generalisations are made about a particular group of people ( assumptions). They are usually offensive and exaggerated

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56
Q

what is labelling

A

a negative approach that identifies people as members of a particular group, with the assumption that they are all the same

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57
Q

what is bullying

A

involves threatening, intimidating, humiliating, or frightening others. repeated behaviour intended to physically or psychologically hurt someone

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58
Q

who can be affected by discriminatory practice

A

patients
family and friends
disabled people
nurses
care workers

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59
Q

what are impacts of discriminatory practices

A

Disempowerment
low self esteem
poor health and well being
unfair treatment
effects on mental health

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60
Q

Dis empowerment impact on individual

A
  • lack of control over their life
  • they feel unwanted and unimportant
  • accepts everything to avoid conflict
  • loses independence
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61
Q

low self esteem impact on individual

A
  • may feel worthless
    self confidence destroyed by discrimination
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62
Q

poor health and well being impact on individual

A
  • health may deteriorate
  • physical injuries
  • medication may not be given on time
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63
Q

unfair treatment impact on individual

A
  • may not receive the care that they are entitled to
  • may not achieve their potential due to no support
  • struggle with managing daily activities
  • may feel marginalised from things and excluded due to discrimination
  • feel unwanted
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64
Q

effects on mental health impacts on individual

A
  • depression
  • eating disorder
  • self-harming
  • socially isolated
  • behaviour changes
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65
Q

what is legislation

A

laws passed by parliament

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66
Q

what are the 8 pieces of legislation

A
  • care act (2014)
  • health and social care act (2012)
  • equality act (2010)
  • mental capacity act (2005)
  • children’s act (2004)
  • data protection act ( 1998)
  • children and families act (2014)
  • humans right act (1998)
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67
Q

the care act 2014 -

A

outlines the way in which local authorities should carry out carer’s assessments,determine who is eligible for support, how local authorities should charge for both residential and community care.

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68
Q

key aspects of the care act
(duty on local authorities to promote an individual’s well being)

A

-( the well being principles include - personal dignity, protection from abuse and neglect, physical,mental and emotional well being

69
Q

key aspect of the care act
(continuity of care)

A

must be provided if someone moves from one area to another to ensure there is no gap in care and support

69
Q

key aspect of the care act
( duty on local authorities to carry out CNA )

A

It’s for young people where there is a likely need for care and support after the age 18

70
Q

key aspect of the care act
(an independent advocate to be available)

A

this is to facilitate the involvement of an adult or carer who is the subject of an assessment, care or support planning or a review

71
Q

key aspect of the care act
(adult safeguarding)

A

this includes responsibility for enquiries into cases of abuse and neglect; responsibility to ensure information-sharing and inter professional working

72
Q

key aspect of the care act
( local authorities have to guarantee preventative services)

A

could help to reduce or delay the development of care and support needs, including carers’ support needs

73
Q

the health and social care act-

A
  • enables patients to have more control over the care they receive
  • those responsible for patient care ( doctors, nurses) have freedom and power to commission care that meets local needs
74
Q

key aspect of the H&S care act
no decision about me without me

A
  • patients are able to choose their local health service
  • empowers individuals as they will be consulted and involved in decision making for their care
75
Q

key aspect of the H&S care act
clinical commissioning groups

A
  • GP led bodies will commission most health services, including primary care services such as GP’s , dentists and pharmacies, and secondary care services such as those provided by hospitals
76
Q

key aspect of the H&S care act
health and well being boards

A
  • the boards bring together health and social care commissioners, councillors to promote joint working and tackle inequalities in people’s health and well being
77
Q

key aspect of the H&S care act
public health

A
  • increased focus on prevention, with local councils taking over responsibility for public health services and pop-health improvement ,e.g. relation to obesity,smoking,screening, vaccinations
78
Q

key aspect of H&S care act
health watch

A
  • independent service created by the act, which aims to protect the interests of all those who use H&S care services
  • A health care watch has a role in communicating the views of patients to commissioning bodies and regulators
79
Q

key aspect of equality act

A
  • makes direct and indirect discrimination on protected characteristics illegal
80
Q

what are the 9 protected characteristics

A
  • age
  • disability
  • gender reassignment
  • marriage
  • race
  • religion
  • sex
  • sexual orientation
  • maternity
81
Q

key aspect of the equality act

A

prohibits discrimination in education, employment

82
Q

key aspect of the equality act

A

covers discrimination and harassment on the basis of a protected characteristic

83
Q

key aspect of the equality act

A

reasonable adjustments have to be made by employers or providers with those with a disability

84
Q

key aspect of the equality act

A

women have rights to breastfeed in public spaces. it is against the law to get less favourable treatment because she is breastfeeding when receiving services

85
Q

positive action

key aspect of the equality act

A

the act encourages positive action. 1 form of this is encouraging or training people to apply for jobs or take part in an activity in which people with that protected characteristic are under represented.

86
Q

key aspect of the equality act

A

discrimination due to association is now an offence. this means there is now protection for the carers of an individual who has a protected characteristic

87
Q

key aspect of the equality act

A

you cannot be legally prevented from disclosing your income to another person

88
Q

mental capacity act (2005)

A
  • this act is in place to provide a legal framework setting key principles and procedures to protect and empower those who are unable to make some of their own decisions.
  • this includes people with dementia, stroke, head injuries and mental health problems
89
Q

key aspect of the mental capacity act
a presumption of capacity

A
  • every adult has the right to make their own decisions and must be assumed to have the capacity to do so unless it is proved otherwise.
  • a care worker must not assume someone cannot make a decision for themselves just because they have a particular condition
90
Q

key aspect of the mental capacity act
support to make own decisions

A
  • a person must be given all practicable help before anyone treats them as not being able to make their own decision.
  • might include presenting information in a different format for those with physical or learning disabilities
91
Q

key aspect of mental capacity act
unwise decisions

A
  • individuals should not be treated as lacking the capacity to make that decision and people have the right to make what others may regard unwise decisions
92
Q

key aspect of mental capacity act
best interests

A
  • decisions made under the act on behalf of a person who lacks capacity must be done in their interests
  • care workers should provide reasons showing the decision they are making is in the individual’s best interests
  • they should try to involve the person
93
Q

key aspects of the mental capacity act
less restrictive option

A
  • anything done on behalf of a person who lacks capacity always question if you can do something else that would interfere less with their basic rights and freedom
94
Q

the children act 2004

A

reinforces that all people and organisations working with children have a duty to help safeguard children and protect their welfare.

95
Q

key aspects of the children act
aims to protect children at risk of harm

A
  • keeps children safe
  • may involve taking a child away from their family using an emergency protection order
96
Q

key aspects of the children act
paramountcy principle

A
  • a child’s needs must come first
  • e.g. taking a child away from their family may adversely affect the adults but may be in the child’s best interests
97
Q

key aspect of the children act
child has the right to be consulted

A
  • act gives children who are mature enough a voice ; their wishes should be taken into consideration
98
Q

key aspect of the children act
children have a right to an advocate

A
  • every child matters has five aims
    . staying safe
    . being healthy
    . enjoying and achieving
    . making a positive contribution
    . achieving economic well being
99
Q

key aspect of the children act
encourages partnership working

A

practitioners need to ensure information is shared to help avoid miscommunication particularly in child protected situation

100
Q

key aspect of the children act
created the children’s commissioner

A

and’s set up local safeguarding children boards to represent children’s interests

101
Q

the data protection act 1998
8 principle

A

it provides individuals with rights, including the right to know what information is held about them and the right to access that information.

102
Q

one principle of the data protection act
processed fairly and lawfully

A

information should be collected only with an individual’s permission on a need to know basis

103
Q

one principle of the data protection act
used only for intended purposes

A

information should be gathered only for a specific and necessary purpose and used only for that purpose

104
Q

one principle of the data protection act
adequate and relevant but not excessive

A

care workers should collect use only information that is needed

105
Q

one principle of the data protection act
accurate and kept up to date

A
  • inaccurate data should be destroyed or corrected.
  • care workers have a responsibility to ensure information is correct
106
Q

one principle of the data protection act
(kept for no longer than is necessary)

A

delete or destroy information when it is no longer needed

107
Q

one principle of the data protection act
(processed in line with the rights of the individual)

A

people have a right to know if information is being held about them and how their information is being used. they have a right to have any errors corrected

108
Q

one principle of the data protection act
secured

A
  • non authorised people should not be allowed access to the information
  • clear guidelines should be in place for who can access the information and there should be a confidentiality policy
109
Q

one principle of the data protection act
(not transferred to other countries outside EU)

A

information should not be transferred outside the EU unless the service user has given consent

110
Q

the children and families act 2014

A

tells the court to look at what the child’s care plan says about where they are going to live

111
Q

key aspect of the children and families act
(the role of the children’s commissioner)

A
  • the act has given the commissioner stronger powers
  • commissioner has to focus on the rights of all children
  • commissioner’s role is increased, from representing “the views and interests” of children to “promoting and protecting” the rights of children
112
Q

key aspects of the children and families act
(parents who have a new child)

A
  • parental leave- parents and adopters can opt to share parental leave so they can take time off work when having anew bay
  • fathers or a mothers partner can take unpaid leave to attend up to 2 antenatal appointments
  • allows people who are going to adopt a child to have time off work to see the child and go to meetings about adoption
113
Q

key aspects of the children and families act
(families courts and justice)

A
  • the courts should help parents who are divorced do what is right for their child, not what parents might want
  • introduced a 26 week deadline for the family court to rule on care proceedings
114
Q

the human rights act 1998

A

applies to all “public authorities”(an organisation that has a public function)
e.g. care homes,hospitals and social care services departments

115
Q

one right of the humans right
right to life

A

services like NHS provide medication and treatments to preserve life. e.g. individual practitioner can’t make decisions to turn off a life support, permission has to obtained through court

116
Q

one right of the humans right
right to respect,privacy and family life

A

in a residential home privacy can be maintained by staff not discussing residents care or keeping a curtain round a hospital bed when treating a patient

117
Q

one right of the humans right
right to liberty and security

A

an individual cannot be detained or deprived of their freedom unless they have committed a serious crime

118
Q

one right of the humans right
right to freedom from discrimination

A

these rights are further supported by the equality act 2010

119
Q

one right of the humans right
right to freedom of expression

A

individuals have their own opinions and should have the opportunity to express these. e.g. h&s social care service users have the right to choice and to consultation about their care and treatment

120
Q

one right of the humans right
(right to freedom of thought,conscience and religion)

A

each individual has the right to their own faith and beliefs,which should be respected

121
Q

what are national initiatives

A

guides providers of health,social and child care environments and practitioners about their roles, rights and responsibilities

122
Q

what is the care certificate 2014

A
  • sets out standards that should be covered in induction training
  • is for unregulated job roles rather than professions such as social workers or nurses
  • aim is for all care workers to have the same skills and knowledge to provide safe and high quality care and support
123
Q

what are the care certificate standards

A
  • understand your role
  • your personal development
  • duty of care
  • equality and diversity
  • work in a person- centred way
  • communication
  • privacy and dignity
  • fluids and nutrition
  • awareness of mental health,dementia and learning disability
  • safeguarding adults
  • safeguarding children
  • basic life support
  • health and safety
  • handling information
  • infection prevention and control
124
Q

what is duty of care

A

the legal obligation that professionals have to safeguard from danger, harm and abuse the individuals they care for and support

125
Q

what is a safeguarding

A

proactive measures to reduce the risks of danger, harm and abuse

126
Q

what is ofsted

A

carries out inspections that rate child care settings and school from outstanding to inadequate

127
Q

what are the aspects inspected in ofsted

A
  • effectiveness of leadership and management
  • quality of teaching, learning and assessment
  • personal development, behaviour and welfare
  • outcomes for children and learners
  • effectiveness of safeguarding
128
Q

what is the cqc ( care quality commission)

A

the regulator of health and social care for england

129
Q

what the care quality commission do

A
  • carries out inspections of H&S care settings to monitor that the care provided continues to meet required standards
  • can issue warning notices and fines if standards
130
Q

what is the equality and human rights commission

A

provides information, advice and guidance about discrimination

131
Q

what does the equality and human rights commission do

A
  • provides definitions of different types of discrimination
  • gives advice on how you can decide if what happened was against equality law
  • it advises on how to make a discriminatory complaint
  • provides information on how to take a case to court
132
Q

what are the main responsibilities of nice ( national institute for H&C excellence)

A
  • to access new drugs and treatments as they become available
  • to improve outcomes for people using the NHS and other public H&S care services
  • to provide guidelines on how public health and social care services can best support people
133
Q

NICE( national institute for H&C excellence) consider whether a drug or treatment:

A
  • benefits the patients
  • helps the NHS meet its target, e.g. improving cancer survival rates
  • is good value for money and cost effective
  • should be available on the NHS
134
Q

what are the impacts of legislation

A
  • individuals needs met
  • empowerment
  • accessible services
  • raises standards of care
135
Q

how does the action of the equality act impact on the way staff are selected and interviewed

A
  • advertisements and interviews must not discriminate against any of the nine protected characteristics
  • questions asked at an interview must be non discriminatory
  • interviews should be trained in equality and diversity so that they are aware of bias and discriminatory
  • there should be mixed panel ( age,experience,men and women,different ethnicities) can help avoid bias
136
Q

organisation policies

A

care environments have to produce policies to guide staff and to ensure service users are aware of the care and standards they are entitled to. e.g. policies for bullying,safeguarding,equal opportunities and data handling

137
Q

policies promote good practice by:

A
  • ensuring staff know their responsibilities
  • making professional conduct clear
  • ensuring legal requirements are clear
  • giving individual rights
  • helping service users feel safe and secure
  • helping develop trust between service users and service providers
138
Q

what is system of redress

A

a way of obtaining justice after receiving inadequate care. e.g. compensation by courts

139
Q

being non judgemental

A
  • not making assumptions about people
  • using empathy to see things from their point of view
  • being open-minded and accepting
  • being respectful of their feelings,experiences and values
140
Q

respecting the views, choices and decisions of individuals who require care and support

A
  • care that meets the needs of individuals
  • providing person-centred care
  • individuals feeling valued and supported
  • raising self esteem
141
Q

anti discriminatory

A
  • all children should be treated fairly
  • no one should be excluded
  • any discriminatory actions should be challenged
142
Q

valuing diversity

A

festivals should be celebrated
food options for patients should vary

143
Q

using effective communication

A
  • using specialist methods if required (BSL)
  • using vocab that can be understood ( no slang)
  • aiding understanding of procedures, treatments or care plans
  • active listening
  • adapting communication to meet the needs of individuals ( braille)
144
Q

what are other ways of promoting best practice

A
  • providing training and development opportunities for staff
  • mentoring
  • monitoring
  • performance management
  • staff meetings
145
Q

best practice
providing training and development for staff

A
  • ensures that staff are up to date with the latest legislation
  • ensures staff are aware of correct procedures e.g. H& safety,safeguarding and confidentiality
146
Q

best practice
mentoring

A
  • when an experienced person shares skills and knowledge with another person to develop their skills and improve their practice
  • the experienced person gives advice, answers questions and gives feedback
147
Q

best practice
monitoring

A
  • involves checking the progress or quality of care overtime
  • can involve observations , asking opinions of service users, questionnaires or feedback forms
  • analysing the number of complaints also provides useful information
148
Q

best practice
performance management

A
  • ongoing process between a care worker and manager
  • involves one to one meetings and observations over time to provide feedback on performance
  • identifies targets for improvements where needed
149
Q

best practice
staff meetings

A
  • gives the opportunities to share best practice and discuss what went well
  • concerns are shared ,issues are raised and problems are solved
  • reminders of policies can be given and updates also and general information
150
Q

stereotyping, labelling and prejudice examples

A
  • stereotyping= being impatient with overweight patients - she thinks all big people are lazy and fat
  • labelling= a confused old person
  • prejudice= a care assistant refusing to bath a gay old man or woman
151
Q

inadequate care examples

A
  • not administering medication on time
  • rough handling while bathing or dressing and individuals causing bruises
  • not consulting or taking accountability of an individuals care preferences
152
Q

abuse and neglect examples

A
  • calling someone names and laughing at them
  • hitting, punching and scratching
  • not providing regular foods and fluids for a patient
153
Q

breach of health and safety examples

A
  • forgetting to lock the doors of the drugs and cabinet
  • lack of hygiene when preparing food
  • not carrying risk assessments
  • not regularly checking equipment for damage or wear
  • lack of supervision in a nursery or primary school
154
Q

being patronising examples

A
  • Sharon, a nurse always speaking very loudly and slowly to all the older adults attending the surgery just in case they are deaf or a little confused
155
Q

ways of challenging
challenge at the time

A
  • ask them to reflect on their actions or what they said
  • report the incident to senior staff or manager
  • encourage them to speak to the person they have discriminated against and apologise
156
Q

ways of challenging
challenge afterwards through procedures

A
  • discuss at senior management level so that they can address the issues with training or disciplinary action to raise awareness of what has happened
157
Q

ways of challenging
challenge through long term proactive campaigning

A
  • run sessions or workshops about the values of care
  • provide regular training for staff over time to raise awareness of correct ways of working
158
Q

what are other ways of challenging discrimination

A
  • applying values of care
  • providing information about complaints procedures and whistle blowing
  • dealing with conflict
  • training , mentoring and monitoring
159
Q

applying the values of care-

A
  • ensures that individuals using health,social care and child care environments receive appropriate care and do not discriminatory attitudes
160
Q

providing information about complaints procedures and whistle blowing

A
  • individuals will know what to do and whom to speak to if their rights or care needs are not being met
  • reassures service users, their families that their concerns will be taken seriously
  • whistle blowing involves raising concerns about poor practice with the management at the very highest level or with an outside authority such as the care quality commission
161
Q

dealing with conflict

A
  • needs to be handled carefully
  • active listening, being calm and objective, and showing empathy are ways to address the situation
162
Q

types of hazards

A
  • environmental
  • biological
  • chemical
  • psychological
  • physical
  • Musculosketal
  • working conditions
  • working practices
  • lack of security systems
163
Q

environmental hazard

A
  • worn or damaged equipment can cause slip and trip hazards resulting in sprains, bruising or fractures
164
Q

biological hazard

A
  • medical or other waste products not disposed and poor levels of hygiene can result in spread of infection and disease
165
Q

chemical hazard

A
  • medicines- incorrect doses administered,wrong medication, unauthorised access to medication can have a serious health consequences
166
Q

psychological hazard

A
  • stress and fatigue- due to long working hours,abuse from service users, bullying in the workplace
167
Q

physical hazard

A
  • excessive loud noise at work can cause ringing in the ears, deafness or other ear conditions
  • radiation from EM rays such as gamma rays and x rays
168
Q

musculoskeletal hazard

A
  • manual handling of equipment, patients and residents can cause back or muscle injuries if not carried out correctly
  • display screen equipment- incorrect posture or badly positioned screen when using a computer can cause muscular aches and pains
169
Q

working conditions hazard

A
  • temperature - workplace too hot or cold can cause dehydration
  • noise levels too high can have a long term effect on hearing
  • travel - long distances, traffic, being away from home often causing stress, tiredness
170
Q

working practices hazard

A
  • excessive working hours result in tiredness or lack of concentration leading to mistakes
  • lack of supervision for new staff
  • training and supervision are needed to avoid accidents and injuries
171
Q

lack of security systems hazard

A
  • door locks alert systems and monitoring of visitors all prevent unauthorised access by strangers who may pose as a threat of harm for individuals in care environments
172
Q
A

Health & Social care (1 decks)

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