Unit 2 Definitions Flashcards
Aggregate supply
Total amount of output in an economy
Aggregate demand
AD = C + I + G + (X-M)
Balance of payments
Record of a countries transactions with the world
Base year
Year chosen as a good comparison in a series of data when holding an index
Bottlenecks
Constraint on the supply side of the economy which causes costs of AS to rise as the economy grows e.g qualified builders for Olympics making costs rise in the area
Business cycle
Tendency of economic activity to rise above and below the trend rate of economic growth
Budget
Annual statement by the gov of its intentions to tax and spend in future years. Comes out in March
Budget surplus
Amount by which tax revenue exceeds gov spending
Budget deficit
Amount by which gov spending exceeds tax revenue
Claimant count
A measure of those claiming unemployment benefits
Circular flow of income
Simple model of the economy which shows the movement of goods and services between households and firms and their payments in terms of money
Constant prices
Where the effects of inflation have been taken out
Consumer price index (CPI)
Measures average price levels. Increases in CPI are known as inflation and this is used as a target for monetary policy.
Consumption
Total planner household spending.
Cost of living
Measure of how much money will buy. Measure by comparing the price of the basket of goods
Current account of the balance of payments
Record of a countries trade in goods, trade in services, current transfers and investment income