Unit 2 - Data Representation Flashcards
How many bits form a byte?
8 bits form a byte.
How many bytes form a kilobyte?
1000 bytes form 1 kilobyte.
How many combinations can 4 bits (nibble) produce?
4 bits (a nibble) can produce 16 different combinations.
How many combinations can 8 bits (1 byte) produce?
8 bits (1 byte) can produce 256 different combinations.
How many base numbers are there in denary?
Denary has a base 10 number system.
How many base numbers are there in hexadecimal?
Hexadecimal is a base 16 number system (0-9 and then A-F).
How many base numbers are there in binary?
Binary has a base 2 number system (0 and 1).
How do you calculate the largest number that can be held in a certain amount of bits?
To find the largest number of bits, you do 2^n, where n is the number of bits available.
Which numbers are stored in one bit?
0 and 1 are numbers that are stored in one bit.
How many bits are there in a nibble?
There are 4 bits in a nibble.
How many bits are there in a byte?
There are 8 bits in a byte.
What are the units after a kilobyte?
The units after a kilobyte are megabyte (MB), gigabyte (GB), terabyte (TB), and petabyte (PB).
What is zero as an 8 bit binary number?
0000 0000 is zero represented as an 8 bit binary number.
What is 255 in binary?
1111 1111 is 255 represented in binary.
What is 39 as an 8 bit number?
0010 0111 is 39 represented as an 8 bit binary number. (32+4+2+1)
How can you tell if a binary number is odd or even?
Even numbers will not have a 1 at the end, whereas odd numbers will.
Convert “F” from hexadecimal to denary.
F in hexadecimal is 15 in denary.
Convert 10 from denary to hexadecimal.
10 in denary is A in hexadecimal.
What is 27 (hex) in denary?
27 (hex) in denary is 39. (2x16+7)
What is 3B in binary? (workings needed)
3B is equal to 001 1011 (split the hex characters into nibbles)
What is C (hex) in denary?
C in hexadecimal is 12 in denary.
What is 2B (hex) in denary?
2B (hexadecimal) is 43 in denary. (16x2 + 1x11 = 32+11 =43)
What is 1010 0011 in hexadecimal?
1010 0011 (binary) is A3 in hexadecimal.
Perform a left shift on the binary number 0110 1011 (107).
0110 1011 (107) when shifted left is 1101 0110 (214.
A left shift DOUBLES a number.
Perform a right shift on the binary number 1011 0110 (182).
1011 0110 (182) when shifted right is 0101 1011 (91)
A right shift HALVES a number.
What does ASCII stand for?
ASCII stands for the American Standard Code for Information Interchange.
How many bits are in extended ASCII?
There are 8 bits in extended ASCII.
How many characters does extended ASCII allow?
Extended ASCII allows for 256 characters.
How many bytes are in Unicode?
16 bit Unicode has 2 bytes and 32 bit has 4 bytes.
How many bytes are needed to store “Hello everyone.”
15 bytes are needed to store “Hello everyone.”
Full stops and spaces COUNT as characters.
Name a bitmap image file format.
Some bitmap image file formats include BMP JPG, GIF, PNG and TIFF.
What are Bitmap images made up of?
Bitmap images are made up of pixels (picture elements).
How do you calculate bit depth?
To calculate bit depth, you do 2^n, where n = the bits per pixels.
How many RGB values are there?
There are 256 RGB values (0-255).
Sample rate is measured in what unit?
Sample rate is measured in Hertz (Hz).
The number of bits available to store each sample is known as what?
The number of bits available to store each sample is known as bit rate.
What is the formula for calculating the size of an uncompressed music file?
Sample rate x bit depth x duration
Why is compression needed?
Compression reduces the size of files - making them easier to transmit and store.
What is lossy compression?
Lossy compression is a method of compression that is permanent and loses some of the original data.
What is lossless compression?
Lossless compression is a method of compression that does not lose data permanently, and it finds patterns in the original text and encodes each pattern in a dictionary.
