Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Forensics > Unit 2: CSI > Flashcards

Unit 2: CSI Flashcards

1
Q

What is the goal of a crime scene investigation?

A

The goal is to recognize, document, and collect evidence at the scene of a crime. Solving a crime crime will depend on piecing together the evidence to form a picture of what happened at the crime scene.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Dr. Edmond Locard

A

Every criminal can be connected to a crime by small particles carried from the scene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the Locard Exchange?

A

It is whenever two objects come into contact with one another, a cross-transfer of physicals evidence can occur. eg. someone rubs up against flower exchange of pollen, or if someone touches a glass then they will transfer their fingerprints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are two types of evidence?

A
  1. Direct evidence: first hand observations (direct) ex. eyewitness, videos, confessions)
  2. Circumstantial evidence (may not always bring a suspect): Indirect evidence that can be used to imply a fact but does not directly prove it. Example: finding a suspects gun at a crime scene is circumstantial evidence that they suspect was there
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Types of Circumstantial Evidence…

A
  1. Physical Evidence: synthetic fibres, weapons, bullets, shell casings, paint chips, documents, imprints and prints (shoes, tires, etc.), took marks, soil, drugs, etc.
  2. Biological evidence: body or body parts, body fluids, hair, leaves or other plant parts, natural fibres, feathers, wood
  3. Trace evidence: small but measurable amount of physical or biological material found at a crime scene. ex. strand of hair, fingerprint, DNA, drop of blood, pollen, gunshot residue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Class Evidence

A

It narrows evidence to a group of persons or things i.e blood types: can be A, B, AB, O. Finding one type at a crime scene narrows down the suspects to a smaller group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Individual Evidence

A

Narrows evidence down to a single person or thing ex. fingerprints, handwriting, DNA, and sometimes physical matches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the three types of evidence for bloody fingerprints

A

Direct or CIRCUMSTANTIAL

Physical or BIOLOGICAL

Class or INDIVIDUAL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Importance of Evidence

A
  • Can prove a crime has been committed and set the scene for the investigation
  • Can back up witness testimony or prove it false
  • Can link a suspect with a victim or with a crime scene
  • Can determine the identity of people associated with a crime
  • Allows investigators to reconstruct a crime

ex. blood splatter may show where suspect and victim were in relation to one another and indicate what happened in what order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The CSI team includes…

A
  • First police officer on the scene
  • Backup police and possibly a district attorney
  • Medics
  • Investigator/ Detective
  • Medical Examiner
  • Photographer and/or Field Evidence Technician
  • Lab experts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 7 S’s of CSI?

A
  1. Secure the scene
  2. Separate the Witnesses
  3. Scan the scene
  4. See the scene
  5. Sketch the scene
  6. Search for evidence
  7. Secure and collect evidence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the Innocence Project?

A

Created to reexamine post-conviction cases (especially in regards to eye witness testimony)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Eyewitness misidentification

A

Mistaken identifications are the leading factor in wrongful convictions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Double-blind Procedure

A

A “Double-blind” line-up is one in which neither the administrator nor the witness knows who the suspect is. This prevents the administrator of the lineup from providing inadvertent or intentional verbal or nonverbal cues to influence the eyewitness to pick the suspect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is Sequential Presentation of Lineups?

A

When combined with a “blind” administrator, presenting lineup members one-by-one (sequentially), rather than all at once (simultaneously) has been proven to increase the overall accuracy of eyewitness identifications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are instructions?

A

Instructions are a series of statements issued by lineup administrator to the eyewitness to deter the eyewitness from feeling compelled to make a selection. They also prevent the eyewitness from looking to the lineup administrator for feedback during the identification procedure. One of the recommended instructions includes the directive that the suspect may or may not be present in the lineup

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How does one compose a lineup?

A

Suspect photographs should be selected that do not bring unreasonable attention to the suspect. Non-suspect photographs and/or live lineup members (fillers) should be selected so that the suspect does not stand out from among the other fillers. Law enforcement should select fillers using a blended approach that considers the fillers’ resemblance to the description provided by the eyewitness and their resemblance to the police suspect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a confidence statement?

A

Immediately following the lineup procedure, the eyewitness should provide a statement, in their own words, that articulates the love of confidence they have in the identification made

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a primary crime scene?

A

Where a crime has actually occured

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is a secondary crime scene?

A

In some way related to the crime but is not where the actual crime took place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Different types of searching for evidence

A

A pattern should be walked and location of evidence marked, photographed and sketched

  • Spiral
  • Grid
  • Quadrant or zone
  • Linear
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Does all evidence have to be properly packaged, using specific techniques and procedures

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Can you just pickup evidence with your hands

A

False; metal or plastic forceps may have to be used to pick up small items

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is used for hairs, glass, fibres, or other kinds of trace evidence

A

Plastic pill bottles with lids

25
Q

What should you use for liquids and arson remains

A

Airtight unbreakable containers

26
Q

How would you keep blood stained materials

A

In wrapping paper, manila envelopes, or paper bags to prevent the growth of mold which can destroy the evidential value of blood. Air must be able to flow around the evidence to prevent moisture buildup

27
Q

Where should charred debris from a fire must be contained where?

A

In an airtight container such as new metal paint cans, to prevent any volatile petroleum residues from evaporating. This could be evidence of arson

28
Q

What 2 things do you need when collecting evidence

A
  1. Chain of custody
    - A list of all persons who came into possession of an item of evidence
  2. Evidence log
    - Description of evidence, name of suspect, name of victim, date and time of recovery, signature of person recovering the evidence etc
29
Q

Do you need to make sure chain of custody is documented in order for it to become admissible in court?

A

True

30
Q

What are control samples?

A

Control samples should also be taken from the victim for the purposes of exclusion (blood, hair, etc)

31
Q

What is a standard/reference sample?

A

Physical evidence whose origin is known, such as blood or hair from a suspect that can be compared to crime-scene evidence

32
Q

What is a buccal sample?

A

Cheek swab

33
Q

Are lab results sent to the victims family

A

False; they are sent to the lead detective

34
Q

Do forensic lab technicians process more than one type of evidence like CSI shows?

A

False; they process only one type of evidence

35
Q

What do crime scene reconstruction allow?

A

It allows the detectives to form a hypothesis of the sequence of events from before the crime was committed through its commission

36
Q

Does evidence lie?

A

Fasle; but it can be staged

37
Q

What should one do to determine if a crime scene is staged?

A
  1. Treat all death investigations as homicides
  2. Do the types of wounds on the victim match the weapon?
  3. Could the wounds be easily self- inflicted?
  4. Evaluate the behaviour (mood and actions) of the victim before the event

… etc

38
Q

Any removal of evidence from a crime scene must be removed from a crime scene in accordance with the Criminal Code of Canada

A

True

39
Q

What are the 2 parts to a search warrant request?

A
  1. The actual warrant itself
  2. The affidavit or the law enforcement officer which sets forth the facts as to why the search warrant should be granted
40
Q

What is a Hobbs Sealing Request

A

Means that the police agent conducting the search warrant wants to keep all or any part of search warrant affidavit from being revealed so as to proceed an informants identity

41
Q

A warrantless search can be conducted if…

A
  1. Under emergency circumstances (danger to life or limb)
  2. If there is immediate danger of the loss or destruction of evidence
  3. If there is probable cause- the search of a person and their immediate property in conjunction with a lawful arrest
  4. With the consent of the involved parties
42
Q

Kyle Unger… crime details, cause for conviction, time spent in prison, cause for exoneration

A
  1. Was charged for the murder of a 16 year old girl named Brigitte Grenier
  2. Hair follicle
  3. 14 years
  4. Hair follicle was not his DNA
43
Q

What is testimonial evidence?

A

What is said in court by a competent individual during their testimony such as witness speaking out to the court to inform the judge of what he or see had seen to maybe declare the defendant guilty or innocent

ex. a witness testimony that has been deemed to be correct by the terms of the judge

44
Q

What is physical evidence?

A

An object or material relevant to the crime at hand and was more or less likely found at the crime scene for accuracy purposes

ex. fingerprints, footprints, tire tracks, blood etc

45
Q

What is evidence?

A

One of the basic foundations of any criminal or civil proceeding

46
Q

What are common types of evidence?

A

Real, documentary, demonstrative and testimonial

47
Q

What does testimonial evidence help with

A

Testimonial evidence enables investigators to recreate a crime scene or develop a series of events as they occurred

48
Q

What makes evidence considered material?

A

If it is presented to prove a fact which is an issues in the court case

ex. if the issue is a breach of contract, a witness whose evidence proves it was raining when both parties signed the contract is relevant but immaterial would be material if it proves that the defendant did not preform obligations

49
Q

What makes evidence considered relevant?

A

If it tends to increase or decrease the probability of what is introduced to disprove or prove

ex. if evidence seeks to prove the accused bit the plaintiffs nose during a fight while an eye witness testimony would be deemed relevant

50
Q

What makes evidence considered to be competent?

A

If what is being presented meets some basic conditions of reliability. The showing that such evidence satisfies those tests or any conditions of admissibility is known as foundational evidence

ex. when the conflicting side objects that the response to a thing, document, or question is without sufficient foundation, they are actually saying that the evidence is not competent

51
Q

What are the requirements to make someone a competent witness?

A
  1. They must be under oath or any similar substitute
  2. They must be knowledgable about what they are going to testify. This means they must have perceived something with their senses that applies to the case in question
  3. They must have a recollection of what they perceive
  4. They must be in a position to relate what they communicated
52
Q

Why is testimonial evidence different from other types of evidence

A

It is one of the only forms of proof the does not need reinforcing evidence for it to be admissible in court

53
Q

Blood, hairs, fibers, soil particles should not be removed from garments, weapons, or other articles of clothing

A

True

54
Q

Should you package items together

A

False; items should be sent separately

55
Q

What is “identification” of evidence

A

Is the process of determining a substances physical or chemical identity

56
Q

What is an observation? Why is it important?

A

An observation is the action of closely observing or monitoring something or someone, and its important to begin making assumptions of what happened

57
Q

What is the Chain of Custody?

A

Chronological documentation of paper trail that records the sequence of custody, control, transfer, analysis and disposition of materials

58
Q

What is beyond reasonable doubt

A

Prosecutor must prove “____”, innocent until proven guilty

59
Q

What is considered a fact?

A

Something that can be proven

Forensics (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions