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BTM 200 > Unit 2 – Computer parts > Flashcards

Unit 2 – Computer parts Flashcards

1
Q

Data vs. Information

Recorded facts and figures.

Example: Number of houses on a street, number of tickets sold

A

Data

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2
Q

Data vs. Information

Knowledge we gain from interpreting those facts (data), provides meaning

Example: 25 degrees is hot for me, might be different for you

  • When you sort, process or interpret data, it becomes information (becomes meaningful)
  • The MEANING of information differs from one person to the next
A

Information

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3
Q

Measuring Computer Data

Language computer use for its components to communicate

- Consists or 1’s (ON) and 0’s (OFF)
- Each 1 or 0 = 1bit

A

Binary code

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4
Q

Measuring Computer Data

bits organized into groups of 8 bits → 8 bits = ?

A

1 Byte

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5
Q

Components of Computers

set of programs that enables the hardware to perform different tasks

A

Software

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6
Q

Components of Computers

helps you carry out tasks

A

Application Software:

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7
Q

Components of Computers

Takes hardware + apps to work together.

Consists of: Operating system and utility programs

A

System Software

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8
Q

Components of Computers

Controls how your system functions. Provides a means for us to interact with computer.

A

OS

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9
Q

4 Main functions of a Computer

4 Main functions of a Computer

A

1- Inputs
2 - CPU
3 - Output
4 - Storage

*Storage and memory NOT same thing

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10
Q

Gathers data, allows users to enter data

A

Inputs

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11
Q

Inputs

  • Keyboards
  • QWERTY
  • Flexible
  • Virtual
  • Touchscreens
A

Text

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12
Q

Input

Cameras, camcorders, cellphones (video and audio)

A

Audio-visual

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13
Q

Inputs

  • Optical mouse
  • Trackpads
  • Gaming
  • Touchscreen
A

Point

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14
Q

Inputs

  • Webcam
  • Microphone
  • Voice recognition software
  • Siri, Cortana, Galaxy
A

Voice

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15
Q

Inputs

Scanners

A

Image

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16
Q

Displays data and info

A

Outputs

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17
Q

Outputs

  • CRT Displays – no longer used
  • LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)
  • LED Displays (Light emitting diode)
  • OLED Displays (Organic Light-Emitting Diode)

↓ Newer, less energy, more accurate, thinner

A

Screen Types:

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18
Q

Outputs: Evaluating Screens

Width-to-height proportion of a monitor

A

Aspect Ratio

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19
Q

Outputs: Evaluating Screens

Clearness and sharpness of the image, measured in pixels

A

Resolution

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20
Q

Outputs: Evaluating Screens

Difference between brightest and darkest output possible (when too low, colors
can’t be seen when screen is too dark)

A

Contrast Ratio

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21
Q

Outputs: Evaluating Screens

How far you can move to the sides, measures in degrees

A

Viewing Angle

22
Q

Outputs: Evaluating Screens

Greatest amount of light, measured in candelas (low brightness=hard to see when
there’s a lot of light in the room)

A

Brightness

23
Q

Outputs: Evaluating Screens

Time it takes for a pixel to change color, measured in milliseconds. Lowest=best.

A

Response Time

24
Q

Outputs: Printers

Outputs: Printers

A
  • Inkjet printers (spray ink onto paper)
  • Laser printers (uses lasers and static electricity)
  • All-in-one printers (print, scan, copy, fax)
  • Large format printers (oversized images, posters, banners)
  • Thermal printers (melt wax onto paper)
25
Q

Outputs: Evaluating Printers

Measured in PPM, how many pages can be printed per minute

A

Speed

26
Q

Outputs: Evaluating Printers

Specificity of color outputted, depends on number of color cartridges

A

Color Output:

27
Q

Outputs: Evaluating Printers

Measured in DPI (dots per inch), how clear is the image when printed

A

Resolution

28
Q

Outputs: Evaluating Printers

How much do cartridges cost, how many need to be replaced each time

A

Use and Cost

29
Q

Processing

Manipulates, calculates and organizes data into info

A

Processing

30
Q

Processing

brain of the computer. Controls all the functions

  • Compared based on Speed, Function, Cost
    o Speed is measured in Hertz (Hz), Gigahertz for CPU (ramr)
  • Dual-processor = 2 CPUs in the computer, Quad-Processor = 4 CPUs
  • Classified as 32-bit (CAN’T have more than 4GB of memory) or 64-bit (CAN have more than 4GB of memory)
A

CPU

31
Q

Processing

2 Type of Memory

A

ROM & RAM

Read-Only Memory & Random Access Memory

32
Q

Processing

Memory State
- Permanent (NON-VOLATILE) – does not need power to run
Purpose
- Start computer
Speed
- Adding ROM has little impact on processing speed

Human Example

VITAL FUNCTIONS: Breathing doesn’t need to be thought about, your body does it

A

Read-Only Memory

ROM

33
Q

Processing

Memory State
- Temporary (VOLATILE)
Purpose
- Run programs when the computer is on
Speed
- Adding RAM lets you do more things at the same time

Human Example:

DAILY ACTIVITIES: can listen to music, study, chat at the same time. If I add more (cooking), brain won’t be able to process. When I sleep, I stop doing everything.

A

Random Access Memory

RAM

34
Q

Processing

Where the CPU, Memory and other circuitry boards sit

A

Motherboard

35
Q

Processing

Expansion card that microphones and speakers connect to

A

Sound Card

36
Q

Processing

Expansion card that monitors connect to

A

Video Card:

37
Q

Saves data and info for later use

  • Hard Disk Drive (HDD): non-volatile
  • Solid State Drive (SSD): uses electronic memory
  • Internal Drive Bays
  • External Drive Bays (CDs)
  • Optical Storage: CD, DVD, BD
  • Flash Memory Cards / Drives
A

Storage

38
Q

Storage

Slot on computers where peripheral devices are attached to exchange data between the device and the computer (external drive)

A

Ports

39
Q

Ports

Universal Serial Bus Port

A

USB

40
Q

Ports

often used for old printers

A

Parallel Ports:

41
Q

Ports

send one piece of data at a time (used for modems in the past)

A

Serial Ports:

42
Q

Ports

Fastest transfer ports

A

Thunderbolt:

43
Q

Storage

gives you access to networks and the Internet or enable your computer to function as a fax machine

Example: Ethernet - connects your computer to a digital subscriber line

A

Connectivity port:

44
Q

Storage

(high-definition multimedia interface): for audio visual

A

HDMI

45
Q

Storage

same as HDMI, but older

A

DVI or VGA:

46
Q

Science of placing devices and machines in a way that humans can use them comfortably, without pain

A

Ergonomics

47
Q

Power Controls

powering up computer from a fully turned off state

A

Cold boot:

48
Q

Power Controls

restarting your computer

A

Warm boot

49
Q

Power Controls

Saves all open docs and apps you were using in RAM, from which they are quickly accessible upon waking up the computer. NOT turning off, using battery

A

Sleep mode

50
Q

Power Controls

Saves all open docs and apps to the hard disk instead (saves energy). Turning OFF, NOT using battery

A

Hibernation

51
Q

Power Controls

Housed inside system unit, transforms voltage required by computer chips

A

Power Supply:

BTM 200 (8 decks)

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