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AP Computer Science Principles > Unit 2 Code.Org Vocab > Flashcards

Unit 2 Code.Org Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

a machine that can run a program, including computers, tablets, servers, routers, and smart sensors

A

Computing Device

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2
Q

a group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose

A

Computing System

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3
Q

a group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending or receiving data.

A

Computing Network

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4
Q

the series of connections between computing devices on a network starting with a sender and ending with a receiver.

A

Path

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5
Q

the maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time, usually measured in bits per second

A

Bandwidth

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6
Q

An agreed-upon set of rules that specify the behavior of some system

A

Protocol

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7
Q

The unique number assigned to each device on the Internet

A

IP Address

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8
Q

a protocol for sending data across the Internet that assigns unique numbers (IP addresses) to each connected device

A

Internet Protocol (IP)

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9
Q

A type of computer that forwards data across a network

A

Router

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10
Q

the inclusion of extra components so that a system can continue to work even if individual components fail, for example by having more than one path between any two connected devices in a network.

A

Redundancy

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11
Q

Can continue to function even in the event of individual component failures.

A

Fault Tolerant

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12
Q

Data added to packets to help route them through the network and reassemble the original message.

A

Packet Metadata

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13
Q

Information passed through the internet in packets

A

Datastream

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14
Q

A chunk of data sent over a network. Larger messages are divided into packets that may arrive at the destination in order, out-of-order, or not at all

A

Packet

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15
Q

A protocol for sending packets quickly with minimal error-checking and no resending of dropped packets

A

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

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16
Q

A protocol for sending packets that does error-checking to ensure all packets are received and properly ordered

A

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

17
Q

the capacity for the system to change in size and scale to meet new demands

A

Scalability

18
Q

a system of linked pages, programs, and files

A

World Wide Web

19
Q

A global network of networks that allow us to access web files

A

Internet

20
Q

responsible for translating domain names like example.com into IP addresses

A

Domain Name System

21
Q

a protocol for computers to request and share the pages that make up the world wide web on the Internet

A

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

22
Q

text files with small pieces of data (like a username and password) that are used to identify your computer as you use a computer network.

A

Cookies

23
Q

The standard markup language used to create web pages. It is written in the form of elements consisting of tags enclosed in angle brackets (like <h1> ).

A

Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML)

24
Q

differing access to computing devices and the Internet, based on socioeconomic, geographic, or demographic characteristics

A

Digital Divide

25
Q

Time it takes for a bit to travel from its sender to its receiver

A

Latency

26
Q

a networking utility to test the reachability of a host on the Internet

A

Ping

27
Q

a networking utility used to trace the route and measure delays of packets moving through the Internet

A

Traceroute

28
Q

Abstraction model of the Internet with 4 layers of communication protocols used to interconnect network devices. Layers only interact with the layer above or below. The layers are: Application Layer, Transport Layer, Internet Layer, Link Layer

A

TCP/IP Model

29
Q

Both symmetric and public key encryption are used to provide communication security over a computer network

A

SSL/TLS

30
Q

similar to identification cards, they are electronic credentials that are used to certify the online identities of individuals, organizations, and computers

A

Digital Certificates

31
Q

An entity that issues digital certificates, which certify the ownership of public keys. It verifies the authenticity of encryption keys used in secured communications

A

Certificate Authorities

32
Q

as packets move through the stack of the TCP/IP Model data is added as headers to the packet with information necessary for transit on the Internet

A

Encapsulation

AP Computer Science Principles (1 decks)

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