Unit 2 Chemistry MG Flashcards
Atoms
An atom consists of a nucleus of protons and generally neutrons, surrounded by an electromagnetically bound swarm of electrons.
Molecules
A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bond
Substances
a particular kind of matter with uniform properties
Homogenous Mixtures
a gaseous, liquid or solid mixture that has the same proportions of its components throughout a given sample.
Heterogenous Mixtures
a mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout the mixture
chemical properties
A chemical property is any of a material’s properties that becomes evident during, or after, a chemical reaction
Physical properties
A physical property is any property of a physical system that is measurable.
Isotopes
Isotopes are distinct nuclear species of the same chemical element.
Elements
A chemical element is a chemical substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions.
compounds
A chemical compound is a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules containing atoms
reactants
a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction.
Products
a product is a substance that is formed as the result of a chemical reaction.
Hydrogen Bonds
a weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other.
Covalent Bonds
Covalent bond, in chemistry, the interatomic linkage that results from the sharing of an electron pair between two atoms
Iconic Bonds
,type of linkage formed from the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a chemical compound
cation
a positively charged ion that is formed when a metallic element loses one or more electrons
Anion
Anions are negatively charged ions.
Periodic Table groups
Group, in chemistry, a column in the periodic table of the chemical elements.
Periodic table rows
Elements in the same row are in the same period.
Valence electrons
valence electrons are electrons in the outermost shell of an atom.
PH scale
PH is a measure of how acidic/basic water is.
acids
A chemical that gives off hydrogen ions in water and forms salts by combining with certain metals.
Bases
A molecule in an aqueous solution that can accept protons or donate electrons.
