Unit 2 (Chapters 6-8) Flashcards
A persistent source of tensions between Bostonians and British soldiers leading up to the Boston Massacre was competition between_____.
troops and townsmen over jobs.
Why did all of the colonies reject the Albany Plan of Union?
they feared they would lose their autonomy
Nonimportation was first used by colonists to protest_________.
The sugar act
The text argues that this incident in 1773 seemed to be the “smoking gun” of conspiracy theory.
Hutchinson’s letters to the ministry in Britain
The First Continental Congress met in response to the_________.
Intolerable Acts
The Intolerable Acts were passed by Parliament to punish_______
Boston and the colony of Massachusetts.
John Dickinson’s letters in the guise of a Pennsylvania farmer were written in response to the ________.
Townshend duties
After repealing the Stamp Act, Parliament passed the Declaratory Act, declaring that Parliament had authority to ______________
bind the colonists “in all cases whatsoever”
While the Albany Conference originally met to deal with conflicts with New France and the Indians of the interior, Benjamin Franklin took the opportunity to propose _________.
a plan of union for the colonies
How did French Canadians respond to the Second Continental Congress’s invitation to join the struggle for liberty?
Canadians, fearing the Americans as much as the British, hesitated to respond.
In 1776, Spain began to aid the American cause by selling _______
military supplies to the Americans.
In Common Sense, Thomas Paine placed the blame for America’s problems on _________.
King George III.
In the aftermath of the French and Indian War, many American colonists began to develop an ___________.
American identity distinct from the British.
In objecting to the Sugar Act, James Otis was one of the first to use which phrase?
“Taxation without representation is tyranny.”
Which of these was an important difference between British and Colonial forces during the Seven Years’ War?
Colonial forces were composed of volunteer companies.
The British Proclamation of 1763 directly led to the_________.
Paxton Boys’ Massacre
In 1735, the John Peter Zenger case gave rise to more__________
newspapers and a freer press in America.
The conclusion of the Seven Years’ War left most colonists __________
proud of their place in the British Empire.
General Thomas Gage’s appointment as governor of Massachusetts was evidence of__________
British resolve to force the colonists into obedience.
Why did French Canadians fail to respond positively to American calls for them to join the struggle against Britain?
Americans were their traditional enemies.
France’s entry into the Revolutionary War forced Britain to change strategy to protect against attacks on ________.
Caribbean sugar colonies
At the end of 1777, what was the result of two years of fighting?
The British strategy for suppressing the Revolution had been a failure.
Under the Articles of Confederation, the president was elected ________
annually by Congress.
The biggest British defeat before Yorktown occurred at________.
Saratoga
During the Revolutionary period, most Americans focused on _______
the governments of their own states.
In which area of the United States was there the least support for ending slavery after the Revolution?
Lower South
The type of state governments established in Pennsylvania, Georgia, and North Carolina after the Revolution indicated the_________
amount of control the radical element had seized.
Which area of the United States most quickly to abolish slavery after the Revolution?
New England
The initial British strategy in the Revolution was to cut off which area from the rest of the colonies?
New England
The French committed themselves to recognize American independence after the___________
American victory at Saratoga.
Most Indian peoples during the American Revolution________
chose to support the British.
The state of Maryland held up ratification of the Articles of Confederation for three years by demanding_______
that other states give up claims to western lands.
How did George Washington’s revolutionary experience affect his views of slavery?
He freed his slaves, but only in his will.
As a result of the American offensives in the west during 1777-1779, ___________
American-Indian hostilities continued unabated for decades after the war.
American migration westward following the Revolution was complicated by Spain’s _____________
refusal to accept the terms of the Treaty of Paris.
The battles of Trenton and Princeton in late 1776 and early 1777 _____________
gave the Americans small victories that helped morale.
How did Congress seek to spur enlistment in late 1776 and early 1777?
It offered bounties, wages, and free land after the war.
The Land Ordinance of 1785 was designed to solve the problems that had occurred in the settlement of ________
Kentucky
What state enfranchised both male and female property holders in 1776?
New Jersey
Loyalists who fled the United States during and after the American Revolution were _________
generally reluctant and unhappy exiles.
Legal tender laws were supposed to ___________
offer financial relief to debaters and ordinary taxpayers.
The 1795 Treaty of Greenville was between the United States and __________
western Indians
Shays’s Rebellion _____________
was promoted by nationwide economic distress
Approval of the Great Compromise at the Philadelphia constitutional convention guaranteed ____________
representation based on population in the House and by state in the Senate
The French ambassador whose provocative actions prompted Washington to issue a proclamation of neutrality was ____________
Edmond Genet
The Anti-federalists opposed to ratification of the Constitution were most likely to be found in ____________
remote and backcountry sections
The main concession the Federalists made to the Anti-federalists in the ratification debates was a promise to ______
add a Bill of Rights
The framers of the Constitution believed the country suffered from too much __________
democracy
As a consequence of Hamilton’s economic program, __________
the health of the United States’ economy improved significantly
In dealing with the Whiskey Rebellion, President Washington ___________
overreacted out of fear of allowing another Shays’s Rebellion to get out of hand
How many states had to ratify the Constitution before it would take effect?
nine
In the ratification debate, a Federalist would have agreed with which statement?
A strong national government is less susceptible to control by a single faction intent on limiting the rights of others.
According to the 1787 Constitution, a member of which of these groups counted as three-fifths of a person when determining representation in the House of Representatives?
slaves
The first ten amendments were quickly added to the newly ratified Constitution to _____________
reassure those who feared the power of the national government to restrict citizens’ rights
What did Jefferson consider the greatest danger of the prosecutions under the Sedition Act?
the threat to a free press
A response to the problem that emerged in the election of 1800, the Twelfth Amendment created_____________
separate ballots for president and vice president
The Constitution was framed by ____________
white male elites.
In the election of 1792, ___________
factions contested the vice presidency but not the presidency.
The electoral college was created to _____________-
insulate the presidential election from excessive popular influence.
The economic crisis that produced Shays’s Rebellion had its origins in ________
the Revolution
