Unit 2 Chapter 2 Data and Information

Question 1

Does data have meaning?

Answer 1

No

Question 2

What is data?

Answer 2

Data are raw facts and figures. These can be any alphanumeric characters i.e. text, numbers, symbols

Question 3

What is information?

Answer 3

Data that has been processed within a context to give it meaning.

Question 4

What is knowledge?

Answer 4

Knowledge is the understanding of rules needed to interpret information to make a decision.

Question 5

What makes up information?

Answer 5

Data, Context and Meaning

Question 6

How can data be collected?

Answer 6

Directly and Indirectly

Question 7

What is direct data?

Answer 7

Data that has been gathered from it’s original source

Question 8

What is indirect data?

Answer 8

Data gathered from an another source or as a by-product of another operation

Question 9

Give an example of direct data source?

Answer 9

Data from sensors e.g. a weather station

Data collected in a survey e.g. a questionnaire or an interview

Question 10

Give an example of indirect data source?

Answer 10

Banking transactions from shops, which doesn’t come from the original source. The shop you have purchased from takes time to tell the bank how much you have spent.

Question 11

List the benefits of coding

Answer 11

Less storage space is required
Faster data input
Validation is easier

Question 12

List the drawbacks of coding

Answer 12

Precision of data can be lost

The user needs to know the codes used

Question 13

What does GIGO stand for?

Answer 13

Garbage in Garbage out

Question 14

Example of GIGO

Answer 14

Unreliable questionnaires/surveys
Incorrectly calibrated instruments
Human error
Incomplete data sets