Unit 2: Cellular Structure And Activities

Question 1

Mitochondria functions

Answer 1

Perform cellular respiration

Question 2

Mitosis and meiosis phases

Answer 2

Mitosis- prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Meiosis-prophase 1, metaphase 1, anaphase 1, telophase 1, prophase 2, metaphase 2, anaphase 2, telophase 2

Question 3

Enzyme definition and function

Answer 3

Def: Speed up rate of all chemical reactions that take place in cells

Function: Vital for life and aid in digestion and metabolism

Question 4

Number of chromosomes after mitosis and meiosis

Answer 4

46 chromosomes

Question 5

What are proteins made of

Answer 5

Amino acids

Question 6

Transcribe DNA to mRNA

Answer 6

DNA-unzipped by RNA polymerase-RNA nucleotides (A,C,G,U) pair with DNA-ACTTGA on DNA now reads UGAACU on RNA- the new strand is called mRNA

Question 7

Translate mRNA to tRNA

Answer 7

mRNA leaves nucleus on a ribosome-both move to ROUGH ER-tRNA forms opposite the mRNA - UGAACCU now reads ACUUGGA-one tRNA anticodon attracts one amino acid- a chain of amino acids is a polypeptide chain - polypeptide chain ties in knots to form a protein

Question 8

Anticodon

Answer 8

A sequence of three nucleotides terming a unit of genetic code in a transfer RNA molecule corresponding to a complementary codon in mRNA

Question 9

Tumor

Answer 9

A swelling of a part of the body generally without inflammation caused by abnormal growth of tissue, whether benign or malignant