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Biology unit 2 > Unit 2-Cells Vocabulary > Flashcards

Unit 2-Cells Vocabulary Flashcards

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1
Q

Proteins

A 
Adhesion 
Communication 
Receptor 
Recognition 
Passive transport 
Active transport

A major molecule located in the membrane that has a specific function

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2
Q

Cholesterol

A

Provides support from the cell mem

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3
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Feelers on the cell mem

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4
Q

Adhesion Protein

A

Cells adhere to other cells

Bandages are to skin as Adhesion proteins are to cells

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5
Q

Cell theory

A

All living things are cellular
Cells are the smallest functioning unit
Cells come from pre existing cells

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6
Q

Receptor Protein

A

Signals cells-Long distance

Cell phones are to people as receptor proteins are to cells

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7
Q

Theory

A

.

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8
Q

Prokaryote

A

No nucleus, smaller in size, cell walls contains pepidoglycon (when present), circular DNA.

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9
Q

Eukaryote

A

Nucleus w other membrane
Larger
Cell wall contains cellulose
Helical, linear, double standard

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10
Q

Peptidoglycan

A

Prokaryotic cell wall

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11
Q

Cellulose

A

Found in plant cells. Wall

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12
Q

DNA

A

.

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13
Q

Cillia/ Fimbriae

A

Hair like projection movement

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14
Q

Nucleoid region

A

.

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15
Q

Flagella

A

Whip like projection movement

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16
Q

Pseudopod

A

False foot like a blob movement

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17
Q

Cristae

A

Mitochondria inner

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18
Q

Thylakoid disk

A

One

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19
Q

Stroma

A

Inner chloroplast

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20
Q

Granum

A

Stack of thylakoids disk

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21
Q

Plastids

A

Chromoplast
Chloroplast
Leucoplast

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22
Q

Hydrophobic

A

Non polar or water hating

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23
Q

Hydrophilic

A

Polar or water loving

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24
Q

Lipid

A

Fatty acid

25
Q

Fluid Mosaic Model

A

Describes a membrane.
Fluid- bendable, movable, not solid
Mosaic- made of many pieces

26
Q

Communication protein

A

Cells are talking to close by cells (short distance commutation)

Yelling is to people as communication proteins are to cells

27
Q

Protein

A

.

28
Q

Recognition Protein

A

Cells tell immune cells to not harm them.

Recognition proteins are like ID bags in the White House

29
Q

Passive Transport

A

Type of cellular transport that does not use cellular energy

30
Q

Active Transport

A

Type of cellular transport requiring cellular energy

31
Q

Ligand

A 
Intercellular receptor 
Ex: hormones 
Membrane receptor 
Ligand on outside of cell binds w/ receptor within cell mem 
Ex:growth factors and neurotransmitters
32
Q

Phospholipids

A

Bi-lipid layer that is both hydrophilic and hydrophobic because of phosphates and lipids. Lipid tails are removed so a phosphate can be added.

33
Q

Intracellular receptor

A

Receptor on inside of cell

Hormones

34
Q

Membrane Receptor

A

Receptors on outside of cell on membrane

Growth factors

35
Q

Diffusion

A

Process by which particles move randomly from high to low concentration until equilibrium is reached

36
Q

Osmosis

A

Movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane

37
Q

Facilitated diffusion

A

A form of passive transport that uses transport proteins to move large things in and out of a cell

38
Q

Solution

A

Substances (solutes) dissolved in a solvet to form a solution

39
Q

Solute

A

A substance

40
Q

Solvent

A

a liquid like water

41
Q

Concentration Gradient

A

Movement of something from high to low

42
Q

Hypotonic

A

Less solute than cell

43
Q

Hypertonic

A

More solute than cell

44
Q

Isotonic

A

Equal levels of solutes in cell/environment

45
Q

Hyperosmotic

A

More solvent than cell

46
Q

Hypo-osmotic

A

Less solvent than cell

47
Q

Intracellular

A

Inside the cell

48
Q

Extra-cellular

A

Outside the cell

49
Q

Crenate

A

Contraction of a cell due to loss of water

50
Q

Plasmolyze

A

Shrinks from losing to much water

51
Q

Cytolysis

A

Cell expands due to gain of water

52
Q

Homeostasis

A

Stable internal environment (biological balance)

53
Q

Endocytosis

A

Process by which a cell takes in material by forming a vacuole around it (Vesicle)

54
Q

Exocytosis

A

Process by which a cell expels wastes from a vacuole (Vesicle)

55
Q

Pinocytosis

A

Bringing in or moving liquid using a (Vesicle)

56
Q

Phagocytosis

A

Bringing out or removing solids or large particles using a (Vesicle)

57
Q

Vesicle

A

.

58
Q

Osmotic pressure

A

Force that causes water to rush into some where

Biology unit 2 (5 decks)

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