Unit 2: Cell Structure and Function

Question 1

cells

Answer 1

basic building blocks of all living things

Question 2

prokaryote

Answer 2

cells lacking a nucleus

Question 3

eukaryote

Answer 3

any cell with a clear nucleus

Question 4

chromosomes

Answer 4

structures that carry the genetic material of the cell

Question 5

organelles

Answer 5

a specialized portion of the cell

Question 6

nucleolus

Answer 6

made of RNA, creates ribosomes

Question 7

rough ER

Answer 7

covered in ribosomes, production, folding, and dispersion of proteins

Question 8

smooth ER

Answer 8

lipid synthesis, detoxification, and regulation of calcium

Question 9

cisternae

Question 10

autophagy

Answer 10

a way of cleaning out damaged cells, translates to self-eating

Question 11

lysosomes

Answer 11

contains enzymes, breaks down all types of biological polymers

Question 12

peroxisomes

Answer 12

contains enzymes that help energy metabolism

Question 13

golgi complex

Answer 13

proteins are received, processed, and sorted

Question 14

nucleus

Answer 14

stores DNA

Question 15

vacuoles

Answer 15

waste products

Question 16

mitochondria

Answer 16

generates ATP

Question 17

chloroplast

Answer 17

site of photosynthesis

Question 18

stroma

Answer 18

provides nutrients, removes waste

Question 19

microfilaments

Answer 19

cell movement, cell division

Question 20

grana

Answer 20

conduct photosynthesis

Question 21

thylakoids

Answer 21

light reactions during photosynthesis, release of oxygen during photosynthesis

Question 22

intermediate filaments

Question 23

microtubules

Question 24

actin

Question 25

cilia

Question 26

flagella

Question 27

plasma membrane

Question 28

krebs cycle

Question 29

electron transport chain

Question 30

calvin cycle

Question 31

light reactions

Question 32

endosymbiotic theory

Question 33

photosynthesis

Question 34

amphipathic

Question 35

fluid mosiac model

Question 36

integral proteins

Question 37

peripheral proteins

Question 38

glycolipids

Question 39

hydrophilic

Question 40

hydrophobic

Question 41

selective permeability

Question 42

polar

Question 43

nonpolar

Question 44

charged

Question 45

passive transport

Question 46

active transport

Question 47

concentration gradient

Question 48

endocytosis

Question 49

diffusion

Question 50

exocytosis

Question 51

pinocytosis

Question 52

facilitated diffusion

Question 53

carrier proteins

Question 54

carrier proteins

Question 55

channel proteins

Question 56

aquaporins

Question 57

osmosis

Question 58

tonicity

Question 59

hypertonic

Question 60

isotonic

Question 61

hypotonic

Question 62

osmoregulation

Question 63

plasmolysis

Question 64

turgid