Unit 2: Cell Organelles

Question 1

In which cell types is the cell membrane found?

Answer 1

animal
plant
prokaryote

Question 2

In which cell types is the cell wall found?

Answer 2

plant
prokaryote

Question 3

In which cell types is the centriole found?

Answer 3

animal

Question 4

In which cell types are the choroplasts found?

Answer 4

plant

Question 5

In which cell types is the cytoplasm found?

Answer 5

animal
plant
prokaryote

Question 6

In which cell types is the golgi apparatus found?

Answer 6

animal
plant

Question 7

In which cell types are the lysosomes found?

Answer 7

animal

Question 8

In which cell types is the mitochondria found?

Answer 8

animal
plant

Question 9

In which cell types is the nucleolus found?

Answer 9

animal
plant

Question 10

In which cell types is the nucleus found?

Answer 10

animal
plant

Question 11

In which cell types is the ribosome found?

Answer 11

animal
plant
prokaryote

Question 12

In which cell types is the endoplasmic reticulum found?

Answer 12

animal
plant

Question 13

In which cell types are the vacuole / vesicle found?

Answer 13

animal
plant

Question 14

In which cell types are the flagella / cilia found?

Answer 14

animal
plant
prokaryote

Question 15

What is the membrane surrounding the nucleus called?

Answer 15

nuclear envelope

Question 16

How do materials enter and exit the nucleus?

Answer 16

nuclear pores

Question 17

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 17

contains DNA which controls cell activities by determining which proteins to assemble

Question 18

Where is the nucleolus found? What is its purpose?

Answer 18

inside the nucleus
combines proteins and RNA to create ribosomes

Question 19

What is the plasma cell membrane made up of?

Answer 19

phospholipid bilayer
proteins
carbohydrates

Question 20

What is the purpose of the plasma cell membrane?

Answer 20

selectively permeable protection
keeps parts of cell together

Question 21

What is the function of a ribosome?

Answer 21

joins amino acids to create proteins

Question 22

Where are ribosomes found?

Answer 22

either floating free in cytoplasm or attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 23

describe the smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 23

synthesizes lipids and breaks down toxins
no ribosomes

Question 24

describe the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 24

modifies and transports proteins created by ribosomes
ribosomes are attatched to surface

Question 25

What is the structure of the golgi apparatus compared to the endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 25

ER is a system of interconnected membranes golgi apparatus is a stack of flattened membranes

Question 26

What is the purpose of the golgi apparatus?

Answer 26

modifies, sorts, and packages materials from ER for storage or transportation out of cell

Question 27

What is the purpose of lysosomes?

Answer 27

break down materials such as macromolecules and damaged organelles through digestive enzymes

Question 28

What are vacuoles and what is their purpose?

Answer 28

membrane enclosed sacs used for storage

Question 29

What is a vesicle?

Answer 29

small membrane enclosed sac used for storage in animal cells

Question 30

What is a contractile vesicle? In what cell types is it found?

Answer 30

collects and pumps out excess water found in some unicellular organisms

Question 31

What is the central vacuole? In what cell types is it found?

Answer 31

large vacuole that provides support and stores materials (such as water, nutrients, enzymes) in a cell in plant cells

Question 32

What does the mitochondria do?

Answer 32

cellular respiration - takes energy from molecules like glucose and stores it in ATP

Question 33

Describe the membrane of a mitochondria

Answer 33

double membrane smooth outer membrane cristae - folded inner membrane

Question 34

What is a cristae?

Answer 34

folded inner membrane inside mitochondria

Question 35

True or false: a chloroplast has a double membrane

Answer 35

true

Question 36

What is a thylakoid?

Answer 36

flattened disc-like structure inside a chloroplast contains chlorophyll and DNA site of photosynthesis

Question 37

What is chlorophyll? Where is it found?

Answer 37

light absorbing pigment important for photosynthesis found in thylakoids in chloroplast

Question 38

True or false: in both plant and animal cells, the nucleus is the only place where DNA is found

Answer 38

false!! in plant cells there is DNA in chloroplasts found in their thylakoids

Question 39

What are the two things contained in cytoplasm?

Answer 39

cytosol organelles

Question 40

What is cytosol?

Answer 40

fluid in cytoplasm made up of water and dissolved chemicals

Question 41

What is the purpose of the cytoskeleton?

Answer 41

provides structure and support to cells allows for movement

Question 42

Describe the structure of the cytoskeleton

Answer 42

made up of proteins microtubules, microfilaments

Question 43

What is a centriole? In what cell types is it found?

Answer 43

in cytoskeleton microtubules that aid in cell division not in plant cells

Question 44

Describe the purpose of the cell wall. Where is it located? What is it mostly made of?

Answer 44

protects and supports cells outside cell membrane composed of mainly cellulose