Unit 2- Cell Organelles

Question 1

The membrane enclosing the cell controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell; maintains homeostasis; is selectively permeable

Answer 1

Cell Membrane

Question 2

A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended

Answer 2

Cytoplasm

Question 3

Makes (synthesize) proteins

Answer 3

Ribosome

Question 4

Rough ER- (has bumps) aids in the synthesis of proteins on bound ribosomes

Smooth ER- Synthesizes lipids and breaks down toxins

Answer 4

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 5

Holds and protects DNA; coordinates cell activities

Answer 5

Nucleus

Question 6

Breaks down old cell parts via hydrolysis; It is known as the recycle center.

Answer 6

Lysosome

Question 7

Receive, package and transport proteins

Answer 7

Golgi apparatus

Question 8

Transport molecules throughout the cell

Answer 8

Vesicles

Question 9

Converts glucose into ATP energy for the cell

Answer 9

Mitochondria

Question 10

Gives structure to the cell and allows cell movement

Answer 10

Cytoskeleton Fibers

Question 11

Store mostly water and dissolved nutrients; these are very small in animal cells

Answer 11

Vacuoles

Question 12

A rigid outer layer used for protection in both plant cells and bacteria made of cellulose

Answer 12

Cell Wall

Question 13

A simple, single-celled organism that is surrounded by a cell wall, contains free-floating DNA, ribosome, and a flagella. EX. Bacteria

Answer 13

Prokaryotic cell

Question 14

A complex cell made up of membrane bound organelles that each serves its own function
EX. Plants & Animals

Answer 14

Eukaryotic cells

Question 15

The theory that the mitochondria and chloroplast were once single-celled prokaryotes due to their own cell membrane and DNA.

Answer 15

Endosymbiotic Theory

Question 16

An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs

Answer 16

Chloroplast