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Unit 2 Body Systems > Unit 2 Body Systems > Flashcards

Unit 2 Body Systems Flashcards

0
Q

What is the major function of the nervous system?

A

Response to environment and control of body activities

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1
Q

What is the major function of the circulatory system?

A

Transportation of nutrients dissolved gases and waste to and from body cells

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2
Q

What’s the major function of the excretory system

A

Removal of waste

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3
Q

What’s the main function of the digestive system?

A

Breakdown of food Into molecules small enough to pass into cells

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4
Q

What’s the main function of the endocrine system?

A

Coordination and regulation of body activities

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5
Q

Define: Cells

A

The basis of all living things

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6
Q

Define: Tissue

A

A group of cells that are similar in shape and function

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7
Q

Define: Organ

A

A structure composed of one or more different types of tissues, specialized to carry out a specific function

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8
Q

Define: organ system

A

A group of organs that have related functions

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9
Q

What are the four main tissues

A

Muscle tissue
Nerve tissue
Connective tissue
Epithelial tissue

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10
Q

What does the muscle tissue do?

A

Assists in body movement

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11
Q

What does nerve tissue do

A

Transfers signals to and from the brain

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12
Q

What does connective tissue do?

A

Holds together and supports other tissue

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13
Q

What does epithelial tissue do?

A

Covers the surface of organs and body

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14
Q

What advantage does smaller cells together have over a large cell

A

The nucleus can signal smaller cells to do something and because it covers more surface area volume

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15
Q

What does the respiratory system do and How does it work?

A

It moves oxygen into your body and carbon dioxide out of your body. When you inhale air is filtered by tiny hairs called cilia. Air passes through your larynx and continues down your trachea towards your lungs at the base of the trachea are to two tubes called bronchi which branches into smaller air tubes called brochioles

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16
Q

What is the alveoli and how does it work in the respiratory system

A

There are millions of alveoli at the ends of the bronchioles where gas exchange takes place O2 and CO2 move back and forth between the alveoli and the surrounding blood vessels

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17
Q

What’s does the circulatory system consist of?

A

The circulatory system consists of the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins

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18
Q

What are the four chambers of the heart?

A 
Left atrium
Right atrium
Left ventricle
Right ventricle 
Between each of these is a valve
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19
Q

What does the left atrium do

A

Blood arrives from lungs

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20
Q

What does the right atrium do

A

Blood arrives from body

21
Q

What does the left ventricle do

A

Pumps blood to your body

22
Q

What does the right ventricle do

A

Pumps blood to your lungs

23
Q

What are the 3 types of blood vessels?

A

Arteries
Capillaries
Veins

24
Q

What does the arteries do

A

Carries oxygenated blood away from heat

25
Q

What does the capillaries do?

A

They are tiny blood vessels that transfer oxygen and nutrients inti the body cells and collecting waste from the cells

26
Q

What do the veins do?

A

Blood containing waste products returning to the heat

27
Q

Red blood cells:

A

Carries oxygen from the lungs to the cells

28
Q

White blood cells

A

Fights infection

29
Q

Platelets

A

Clots blood

30
Q

Which structure connects arteries and veins?

A

Capillaries

31
Q

Which vessels transport blood away from the heart and have thick muscular walls

A

Arteries

32
Q

Which vessels transports blood towards the heart and has valves

A

Veins

33
Q

What are the four stages of of digestion

A

Ingesting
Digesting
Absorbing
Eliminating

34
Q

Ingestion

A

Means to bring food to the body (starting point of the digestive process

35
Q

How does mechanical digestion work?

A

Mechanical digestion occurs when your teeth and tongue break down food into small enough pieces to swallow (each small piece of food is called bolus)

36
Q

What is chemical digestion?

A

Occurs when saliva begins to break down the bolus. An enzyme in your saliva breaks down simple and complex carbohydrates

37
Q

How does the esophagus work in digestion

A

When you swallow, your food enters the esophagus which is a long muscular tube that carries food to your stomach. The bolus is pushed through the esophagus in a process called peristalsis

38
Q

What is breathing?

A

Inhaling and exhaling to take in oxygen and remove waste (natural body function)

39
Q

What is respiration

A

The lungs take in air where it goes down to the alveoli to separate O2 and CO2

40
Q

What is the order of blood flow?

A
  1. From the body
  2. Right atrium
  3. Right ventricle
  4. To lungs
  5. From lungs
  6. Left atrium
  7. Left ventricle
  8. To the body
41
Q

Salivary glands

A

Produce saliva that moistens food

42
Q

Esophagus

A

Passage for food from mouth to stomach

43
Q

Epiglottis

A

Flap of tissue that prevents food from entering the trachea

44
Q

Stomach

A

Gastric juice to break down food

45
Q

Liver

A

Produces bile to break down fat

46
Q

Pancreas

A

Adds enzymes that help break down the carbohydrates, protein, fats in the chyme

47
Q

Gall bladder

A

Stored bile

48
Q

Small intestine

A

Absorbs nutrients

49
Q

Large intestine

A

Absorbs water and some minerals

50
Q

Rectum

A

Stores feces

51
Q

Anus

A

Where the feces are eliminated

Unit 2 Body Systems (1 decks)

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