Unit 2 Body Systems

Question 0

What is the major function of the nervous system?

Answer 0

Response to environment and control of body activities

Question 1

What is the major function of the circulatory system?

Answer 1

Transportation of nutrients dissolved gases and waste to and from body cells

Question 2

What’s the major function of the excretory system

Answer 2

Removal of waste

Question 3

What’s the main function of the digestive system?

Answer 3

Breakdown of food Into molecules small enough to pass into cells

Question 4

What’s the main function of the endocrine system?

Answer 4

Coordination and regulation of body activities

Question 5

Define: Cells

Answer 5

The basis of all living things

Question 6

Define: Tissue

Answer 6

A group of cells that are similar in shape and function

Question 7

Define: Organ

Answer 7

A structure composed of one or more different types of tissues, specialized to carry out a specific function

Question 8

Define: organ system

Answer 8

A group of organs that have related functions

Question 9

What are the four main tissues

Answer 9

Muscle tissue
Nerve tissue
Connective tissue
Epithelial tissue

Question 10

What does the muscle tissue do?

Answer 10

Assists in body movement

Question 11

What does nerve tissue do

Answer 11

Transfers signals to and from the brain

Question 12

What does connective tissue do?

Answer 12

Holds together and supports other tissue

Question 13

What does epithelial tissue do?

Answer 13

Covers the surface of organs and body

Question 14

What advantage does smaller cells together have over a large cell

Answer 14

The nucleus can signal smaller cells to do something and because it covers more surface area volume

Question 15

What does the respiratory system do and How does it work?

Answer 15

It moves oxygen into your body and carbon dioxide out of your body. When you inhale air is filtered by tiny hairs called cilia. Air passes through your larynx and continues down your trachea towards your lungs at the base of the trachea are to two tubes called bronchi which branches into smaller air tubes called brochioles

Question 16

What is the alveoli and how does it work in the respiratory system

Answer 16

There are millions of alveoli at the ends of the bronchioles where gas exchange takes place O2 and CO2 move back and forth between the alveoli and the surrounding blood vessels

Question 17

What’s does the circulatory system consist of?

Answer 17

The circulatory system consists of the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins

Question 18

What are the four chambers of the heart?

Answer 18

Left atrium
Right atrium
Left ventricle
Right ventricle 
Between each of these is a valve

Question 19

What does the left atrium do

Answer 19

Blood arrives from lungs

Question 20

What does the right atrium do

Answer 20

Blood arrives from body

Question 21

What does the left ventricle do

Answer 21

Pumps blood to your body

Question 22

What does the right ventricle do

Answer 22

Pumps blood to your lungs

Question 23

What are the 3 types of blood vessels?

Answer 23

Arteries
Capillaries
Veins

Question 24

What does the arteries do

Answer 24

Carries oxygenated blood away from heat

Question 25

What does the capillaries do?

Answer 25

They are tiny blood vessels that transfer oxygen and nutrients inti the body cells and collecting waste from the cells

Question 26

What do the veins do?

Answer 26

Blood containing waste products returning to the heat

Question 27

Red blood cells:

Answer 27

Carries oxygen from the lungs to the cells

Question 28

White blood cells

Answer 28

Fights infection

Question 29

Platelets

Answer 29

Clots blood

Question 30

Which structure connects arteries and veins?

Answer 30

Capillaries

Question 31

Which vessels transport blood away from the heart and have thick muscular walls

Answer 31

Arteries

Question 32

Which vessels transports blood towards the heart and has valves

Answer 32

Veins

Question 33

What are the four stages of of digestion

Answer 33

Ingesting Digesting Absorbing Eliminating

Question 34

Ingestion

Answer 34

Means to bring food to the body (starting point of the digestive process

Question 35

How does mechanical digestion work?

Answer 35

Mechanical digestion occurs when your teeth and tongue break down food into small enough pieces to swallow (each small piece of food is called bolus)

Question 36

What is chemical digestion?

Answer 36

Occurs when saliva begins to break down the bolus. An enzyme in your saliva breaks down simple and complex carbohydrates

Question 37

How does the esophagus work in digestion

Answer 37

When you swallow, your food enters the esophagus which is a long muscular tube that carries food to your stomach. The bolus is pushed through the esophagus in a process called peristalsis

Question 38

What is breathing?

Answer 38

Inhaling and exhaling to take in oxygen and remove waste (natural body function)

Question 39

What is respiration

Answer 39

The lungs take in air where it goes down to the alveoli to separate O2 and CO2

Question 40

What is the order of blood flow?

Answer 40

1. From the body 2. Right atrium 3. Right ventricle 4. To lungs 5. From lungs 6. Left atrium 7. Left ventricle 8. To the body

Question 41

Salivary glands

Answer 41

Produce saliva that moistens food

Question 42

Esophagus

Answer 42

Passage for food from mouth to stomach

Question 43

Epiglottis

Answer 43

Flap of tissue that prevents food from entering the trachea

Question 44

Stomach

Answer 44

Gastric juice to break down food

Question 45

Liver

Answer 45

Produces bile to break down fat

Question 46

Pancreas

Answer 46

Adds enzymes that help break down the carbohydrates, protein, fats in the chyme

Question 47

Gall bladder

Answer 47

Stored bile

Question 48

Small intestine

Answer 48

Absorbs nutrients

Question 49

Large intestine

Answer 49

Absorbs water and some minerals

Question 50

Rectum

Answer 50

Stores feces

Question 51

Anus

Answer 51

Where the feces are eliminated