Unit 2- Antacids Flashcards
What are the two main types of matter?
Substances and mixtures
Substances include elements and compounds, while mixtures can be further classified.
What are the three types of mixtures?
Solutions, colloids, and suspensions
These classifications are based on the size of the particles and their behavior in a mixture.
What distinguishes ionic compounds from molecular compounds?
Ionic compounds consist of ions, while molecular compounds consist of molecules
Ionic compounds typically form from metal and nonmetal elements.
How many common polyatomic ions should be memorized?
Eight
These ions play a crucial role in chemical naming and formula writing.
What is the difference between binary and ternary ionic compounds?
Binary ionic compounds consist of two elements, while ternary ionic compounds consist of three or more elements
Ternary compounds often contain a polyatomic ion.
What are the characteristics of acids?
Sour taste, pH less than 7, conduct electricity, react with metals
These properties help identify acids in a laboratory setting.
What are the characteristics of bases?
Bitter taste, slippery feel, pH greater than 7, conduct electricity
Bases can neutralize acids in chemical reactions.
What does the Arrhenius definition state about acids and bases?
Acids produce hydrogen ions (H⁺) in solution, while bases produce hydroxide ions (OH⁻)
This definition helps classify substances based on their behavior in water.
How can you classify a solution as neutral, acidic, or basic?
By applying the principles of the pH scale
A pH of 7 is neutral, below 7 is acidic, and above 7 is basic.
True or False: Strength and concentration of acids and bases are the same.
False
Strength refers to the degree of ionization, while concentration refers to the amount of substance in a given volume.
What role do chemical indicators play?
They indicate the presence of acids or bases through color changes
Common indicators include litmus paper and phenolphthalein.
What is required to write balanced equations for chemical reactions?
Using appropriate symbols and ensuring the number of atoms is equal on both sides
Balancing equations reflects the Law of Conservation of Matter.
List the types of chemical reactions.
Combustion, decomposition, single-replacement, double-replacement
Each type has distinct characteristics and products.
What is an acid-base neutralization reaction?
A reaction where an acid and a base react to form water and a salt
This type of reaction typically results in the neutralization of the acidic and basic properties.
What is a net ionic equation?
An equation that shows only the species that actually participate in the reaction
Spectator ions are omitted from the net ionic equation.
How do solubility rules apply to double-replacement reactions?
They predict the precipitates formed during the reactions
Precipitates are solid products that form when two solutions are mixed.
What does the Law of Conservation of Matter state?
Matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction
This principle is fundamental to understanding chemical reactions.
What is collision theory?
It explains how the rate of a chemical reaction is influenced by reaction conditions, catalysts, and enzymes
The theory suggests that effective collisions lead to reactions.
What does a Reaction Coordinate Diagram illustrate?
Activation energy and reaction rate
The diagram helps visualize the energy changes during a chemical reaction.
What is the purpose of the lab titled ‘The Most Effective Antacid’?
To determine the effectiveness of various antacids in neutralizing acidity
This lab allows students to apply their knowledge of acids and bases in a practical setting.
