Unit 2- Antacids

Question 1

What are the two main types of matter?

Answer 1

Substances and mixtures

Substances include elements and compounds, while mixtures can be further classified.

Question 2

What are the three types of mixtures?

Answer 2

Solutions, colloids, and suspensions

These classifications are based on the size of the particles and their behavior in a mixture.

Question 3

What distinguishes ionic compounds from molecular compounds?

Answer 3

Ionic compounds consist of ions, while molecular compounds consist of molecules

Ionic compounds typically form from metal and nonmetal elements.

Question 4

How many common polyatomic ions should be memorized?

Answer 4

Eight

These ions play a crucial role in chemical naming and formula writing.

Question 5

What is the difference between binary and ternary ionic compounds?

Answer 5

Binary ionic compounds consist of two elements, while ternary ionic compounds consist of three or more elements

Ternary compounds often contain a polyatomic ion.

Question 6

What are the characteristics of acids?

Answer 6

Sour taste, pH less than 7, conduct electricity, react with metals

These properties help identify acids in a laboratory setting.

Question 7

What are the characteristics of bases?

Answer 7

Bitter taste, slippery feel, pH greater than 7, conduct electricity

Bases can neutralize acids in chemical reactions.

Question 8

What does the Arrhenius definition state about acids and bases?

Answer 8

Acids produce hydrogen ions (H⁺) in solution, while bases produce hydroxide ions (OH⁻)

This definition helps classify substances based on their behavior in water.

Question 9

How can you classify a solution as neutral, acidic, or basic?

Answer 9

By applying the principles of the pH scale

A pH of 7 is neutral, below 7 is acidic, and above 7 is basic.

Question 10

True or False: Strength and concentration of acids and bases are the same.

Answer 10

False

Strength refers to the degree of ionization, while concentration refers to the amount of substance in a given volume.

Question 11

What role do chemical indicators play?

Answer 11

They indicate the presence of acids or bases through color changes

Common indicators include litmus paper and phenolphthalein.

Question 12

What is required to write balanced equations for chemical reactions?

Answer 12

Using appropriate symbols and ensuring the number of atoms is equal on both sides

Balancing equations reflects the Law of Conservation of Matter.

Question 13

List the types of chemical reactions.

Answer 13

Combustion, decomposition, single-replacement, double-replacement

Each type has distinct characteristics and products.

Question 14

What is an acid-base neutralization reaction?

Answer 14

A reaction where an acid and a base react to form water and a salt

This type of reaction typically results in the neutralization of the acidic and basic properties.

Question 15

What is a net ionic equation?

Answer 15

An equation that shows only the species that actually participate in the reaction

Spectator ions are omitted from the net ionic equation.

Question 16

How do solubility rules apply to double-replacement reactions?

Answer 16

They predict the precipitates formed during the reactions

Precipitates are solid products that form when two solutions are mixed.

Question 17

What does the Law of Conservation of Matter state?

Answer 17

Matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction

This principle is fundamental to understanding chemical reactions.

Question 18

What is collision theory?

Answer 18

It explains how the rate of a chemical reaction is influenced by reaction conditions, catalysts, and enzymes

The theory suggests that effective collisions lead to reactions.

Question 19

What does a Reaction Coordinate Diagram illustrate?

Answer 19

Activation energy and reaction rate

The diagram helps visualize the energy changes during a chemical reaction.

Question 20

What is the purpose of the lab titled ‘The Most Effective Antacid’?

Answer 20

To determine the effectiveness of various antacids in neutralizing acidity

This lab allows students to apply their knowledge of acids and bases in a practical setting.