Unit 2 Flashcards
when assessing field work for risks what 4 things do we need to take into consideration
terrain
weather conditions
isolation
contact with harmful organisms
what are 5 things does a suitable risk assessment do
identifies foreseeable hazards associated with the trip evaluates associated risks (how likely) evaluates severity of the hazards identifies appropriate control measures records these safe working practices
what are the 6 sampling methods
point count transect remote detection quadrats capture techniques scat sampling or camera
what is point count sampling used for
determining species in abundance. carried out from a stationary location recording all individual organisms observed
what is transects sampling used for
determining changes in a community across an environment gradient such as a shore. the high the variety at each point along the transect the wider the band has to be in order to make the transect representative of all the communities being sampled
what is remote detection used for
global vegetation surveys or gathering information in areas too difficult to access. monitoring carried out at a distance using sensors.
why are quadrants used
to ensure that a standard area is being sampled each time a measurement is made. size of quadrant is determined by how uniformly organisms are distributed in the habitat. sample shape is not important as long as it is uniform and that the area of the quadrant is known.
what is stratified sampling
when a large population is divided into sub-populations then individuals are selected randomly from each sub-population for sampling
what is systematic sampling
sampling taken at regular intervals (eg. every 2 metres along the transect).
what is taxonomy
taxonomy is where organisms are identified and names by classification groups determined by their shared characteristics
what is phylogenetics
phylogenetics is where the evolutionary history and relationships among groups, or individuals are studied
in what 4 ways is the identification of a sample made
using expertise, classification guides, keys or laboratory analysis of DNA, protein or other molecules such as glucose.
how is life generally classified
according to relatedness. being familiar with taxonomic groups allowing predictions to be made between the biology of unknown and model organisms
what does the present of absence of a particular indicator species give
information of environmental qualities such as the presence of pollutants
why can susceptible and favoured species be used to monitor an ecosystem
as environmental factors change an abundance or increased population indicate it is favoured by the conditions
