Unit 2

Question 1

Folkways

Answer 1

Informal norms that suggest customary ways of behaving (if violated: not illegal, just rude)

Question 2

Mores

Answer 2

Norms that carry a strong sense of social importance and necessity (if violated: usually illegal or taboo)

Question 3

Laws

Answer 3

Norms that are formally defined and enacted in legislation

Question 4

Sanctions

Answer 4

Penalties for norm violation and rewards for norm adherence

Question 5

Cultural Relativism

Answer 5

Appreciation that all cultures have their own mores, norms, and customs

Question 6

Progression of Culture Shock

Answer 6

1. Honeymoon
2. Crisis
3. Recovery
4. Adjustment

Question 7

Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis/Linguistic Determinism

Answer 7

The assertion that language influences how we perceive the world

Question 8

Linguistic Relativism

Answer 8

The assertion that language reflects how we perceive the world

Question 9

Gender Relations

Answer 9

Organizing principles that shape and order interactions between men and women

Question 10

How Child Rearing Reinforces Gender Roles

Answer 10

• responses to babies
• punishment
• gifts and toys
• household tasks

Question 11

How Education Reinforces Gender Roles

Answer 11

• punishment
• STEM/Arts subjects
• Teacher’s self-image

Question 12

Gendered Differences in the Workplace

Answer 12

More women in service sector and part-time

Question 13

Formal Education

Answer 13

Learning or education that happens in a school or institutional setting

Question 14

Informal Education

Answer 14

Learning that occurs outside of a school

Question 15

Social Reproduction

Answer 15

Teaching societal norms, values, and appropriate behaviour to future generations

Question 16

The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRC)

Answer 16

A Commission created by survivors of Residential Schools to bring support to other survivors and their family members

Question 17

Mass Education

Answer 17

Educating a large number of individuals (usually with few instructors)

Question 18

Cultural Capital

Answer 18

Social assets that are gained from one’s family

Question 19

Social Capital

Answer 19

Personal ties such as friends, family, and community

Question 20

Economic Capital

Answer 20

Financial resources an individual has access to

Question 21

Contemporary Issues in Higher Education

Answer 21

• Decline in govt funding
• Increase in private funding
• Professors research more concerned with quantity than quality

Question 22

E.B. Tylor’s Progression of Religion

Answer 22

1. Animism (belief that all things possess a spirit)
2. Polytheism (belief in many gods)
3. Monotheism (belief in a single god)

Question 23

Civil Religion

Answer 23

A system in which sacred symbols are integrated into broader society regardless of individual religious affiliations

Question 24

Mysticism

Answer 24

Religions that seek harmony with the world, others, and their body (orient religions)

Question 25

Asceticism

Answer 25

Religions that seek mastery over the world, others, and their body (western religions)

Question 26

Inner-Worldly

Answer 26

Focuses on the tangible world and our own comforts and aspirations

Question 27

Other-Worldly

Answer 27

Focuses on separation from the everyday

Question 28

Secularization

Answer 28

The process by which developed societies move away from explanations based on religion to ones based on science, rationality, and logic