unit 2

Question 1

small molecule NTs

Answer 1

non-proteinaceous
Ach, DA, NE, 5HT, GABA
release is Ca2+ mediated; high affinity for receptors (high nM, Low uM range)
repackaged by reuptake proteins; synthesized by enzymes (amino acids as precursors); end product inhibition (negative feedback on 1st enzyme in synthetic pathway
multiple receptor subtypes (ligand gated and G protein)

Question 2

large molecule NTs

Answer 2

AVP, CRF, Oxytocin, enkephalin, substance P
proteinaceous (amino acid chain)
constitutive and Ca2+ mediated release
higher affinity for receptors (pM, low nM range)
synthesized by metabolizing larger precursor proteins- gene products (taking large precursors and cutting up to make more with less transcribing)
colocalized with small molecule NTs
multiple receptor subtypes (allosteric, ligand gated, G protein)

Question 3

allosteric modifiers

Answer 3

binds to its binding site and changes receptor so it becomes more capable of binding another NT= “neuromodulator”

Question 4

small synaptic vesicles

Answer 4

package small classical transmitters- DA, NE, Ach (clear)

Question 5

large synaptic vesicles

Answer 5

package small classical transmitters and co-transmitters that are often neuropeptides; CRF; black color

Question 6

NT release

Answer 6

Na/Ca dependent release