Unit 2 Flashcards
Contingently present a stimulus immediately after the response.
Consequential Operational (+)
Contingently remove a stimulus immediately after the response.
Consequential operation (-)
A relatively permanent change in behaviour as a result of experience
Learning
Direct observation. Repeated measures. Graph data. Manipulation. Systematic evaluation. Analysis and interpretation.
Basic operations
S-S contingencies (pairing). R-S contingencies. S-R-S contingencies (or the 3-term contingency).
Types of Contingencies
A dependency between events
Contingency
The nearness of events in time.
Temporal continguity
Cultural practices evolve as they contribute to the success of the practicing group
Cultural selection
The environment selects which variations survive and are passed on.
Natural Selection
The process in which repeated cycles occur of variation, interaction with the environment, and differential replication as a function of the interaction
Selection
Causes of behaviour; probabilistic
Determinants of Behaviour
B.F. Skinner’s philosophy of the science of human behaviour. Most influential type of behaviourism for guiding the science and practice of behaviour analysis
Radical Behaviourism
The philosophy or world view underlying behaviour analysis. Posits that behaviour is the subject matter of our science
Behaviourism
Assesses the truth of theories or beliefs in terms of the success of their practical application
Pragmatism
Continually question the truthfulness of what is regarded as fact
Philosophical Doubt
Requires that all simple, logical explanations for the phenomena of interest be ruled out experimentally before more complex or abstract explanations are considered
Parsimony
Repeating any part of an experiment
Replication
Systematic manipulation of an independent variable
Experimentation
Objective observation with thorough description and quantification of the phenomena of interest, behaviour
Empiricism
The universe is a lawful and orderly place
Determinism
Determinism, empiricism, parsimony, philosophical doubt, pragmatism
Philosophical assumptions
Psychology, sociology, political science
Types of social sciences
Hypothetical constructs outside of the natural realm; indirect observation & measurement
Social science
Physics, chemistry, biology, behaviour analysis
Types of natural science
Empirical phenomena; direct observation & measurement of phenomena or its permanent products
Natural science
Description, prediction, control and development of technology
Goals of science
Science is a systematic approach for seeking and organizing knowledge about the natural world
Science
