Unit 2

Question 1

Contingently present a stimulus immediately after the response.

Answer 1

Consequential Operational (+)

Question 2

Contingently remove a stimulus immediately after the response.

Answer 2

Consequential operation (-)

Question 3

A relatively permanent change in behaviour as a result of experience

Answer 3

Learning

Question 4

Direct observation. Repeated measures. Graph data. Manipulation. Systematic evaluation. Analysis and interpretation.

Answer 4

Basic operations

Question 5

S-S contingencies (pairing). R-S contingencies. S-R-S contingencies (or the 3-term contingency).

Answer 5

Types of Contingencies

Question 6

A dependency between events

Answer 6

Contingency

Question 7

The nearness of events in time.

Answer 7

Temporal continguity

Question 8

Cultural practices evolve as they contribute to the success of the practicing group

Answer 8

Cultural selection

Question 9

The environment selects which variations survive and are passed on.

Answer 9

Natural Selection

Question 10

The process in which repeated cycles occur of variation, interaction with the environment, and differential replication as a function of the interaction

Answer 10

Selection

Question 11

Causes of behaviour; probabilistic

Answer 11

Determinants of Behaviour

Question 12

B.F. Skinner’s philosophy of the science of human behaviour. Most influential type of behaviourism for guiding the science and practice of behaviour analysis

Answer 12

Radical Behaviourism

Question 13

The philosophy or world view underlying behaviour analysis. Posits that behaviour is the subject matter of our science

Answer 13

Behaviourism

Question 14

Assesses the truth of theories or beliefs in terms of the success of their practical application

Answer 14

Pragmatism

Question 15

Continually question the truthfulness of what is regarded as fact

Answer 15

Philosophical Doubt

Question 16

Requires that all simple, logical explanations for the phenomena of interest be ruled out experimentally before more complex or abstract explanations are considered

Answer 16

Parsimony

Question 17

Repeating any part of an experiment

Answer 17

Replication

Question 18

Systematic manipulation of an independent variable

Answer 18

Experimentation

Question 19

Objective observation with thorough description and quantification of the phenomena of interest, behaviour

Answer 19

Empiricism

Question 20

The universe is a lawful and orderly place

Answer 20

Determinism

Question 21

Determinism, empiricism, parsimony, philosophical doubt, pragmatism

Answer 21

Philosophical assumptions

Question 22

Psychology, sociology, political science

Answer 22

Types of social sciences

Question 23

Hypothetical constructs outside of the natural realm; indirect observation & measurement

Answer 23

Social science

Question 24

Physics, chemistry, biology, behaviour analysis

Answer 24

Types of natural science

Question 25

Empirical phenomena; direct observation & measurement of phenomena or its permanent products

Answer 25

Natural science

Question 26

Description, prediction, control and development of technology

Answer 26

Goals of science

Question 27

Science is a systematic approach for seeking and organizing knowledge about the natural world

Answer 27

Science