Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CfE Advanced Higher Biology > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Define ‘Terrain’

A

Terrain refers to how the land lies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the four main hazards and risks associated with field work?

A
  • Terrain
  • Weather Conditions
  • Isolation
  • Tidal Changes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How can a field biologist prepare for the risk of changing weather conditions?

A

Check the forecast

Wear appropriate clothing, footwear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a risk assessment?

A

Document that identifies potential hazards, assesses the likelihood of them occurring and describes how to minimise their occurrence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What should be considered before sampling is carried out?

A
  • How to minimise impact on wild species

- Legalisation which protects rare animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What sampling technique would you use to sample along an area where abiotic factors are changing?

A

Transect Surveys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe a point count

A

Sampling technique used for sampling bird populations over a given area and period of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe a transect and the two things you can sample with them

A

Line along which different samples can be taken
Where terrain or abiotic factors are changing
Use quadrats
Used to sample small slow moving animals or abiotic factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a benefit of using remote direction for elusive species?

A

Can use camera traps so they can observe the animal without the observer being present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe Scat sampling

A

Collecting animal drops providing information about the animals diet and abundance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the three types of sampling?

A

Random
Stratified
Systematic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the difference between random and stratified sampling

A

Random - individuals selected from larger populations chosen at chance
Stratified - large population split into smaller populations then individuals selected from sub populations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Explain what Systematic Sampling is?

A

Sampling that is taken at regular intervals, eg every two minutes along the transect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

State the 8 Taxonomic Levels

A 
Domain
Kingdom
Phyllum
Class
Order
Family
Genus 
Species
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why is it important for a biologist to be familiar with taxonomic groupings?

A

Allow predictions to be made between unknown organisms and model organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the five divisions between the plant kingdom?

A 
Mosses
Liverworts
Ferns
Gymosperms
Anglosperms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What plant type is this description of?

  • Flowerless
  • No seeds
  • No Vascular System
A

Mosses

18
Q

What method of reproduction do ferns use?

A

Spores

19
Q

Do Liverworts produce flowers?

A

No, they are flowerless

20
Q

Do Gymosperms

a) Produce flowers?
b) Produce spores for reproduction?

A

a) Yes

b) No, they reproduce by seed production

21
Q

State the five animal phyla you are required to know for Advanced Biology

A
  • Chordata
  • Anthropoda
  • Nematoda
  • Platyhelminthes
  • Mollusca
22
Q

Give an example of an organism in the chordata phyla

A

Sea squirts and Vertebrates

Example: Birds, Mammals, Reptiles, Amphibians, Fish

23
Q

What animal phyla would wasps, a joint legged invertebrate with a segmented body and paired appendages be in?

A

Arthropoda

24
Q

What organisms fall in the Platyhelminthes phyla?

A

Organisms who are bilaterally symmetrical and don’t have a body cavity or any internal organs
Example: Flat worms

25
Q

What could you use to identify organisms which have been sampled?

A

Biological Keys
Classification Guides
Analysis of DNA

26
Q

What is divergent evolution?

A

Accumulation of differences between previously closely related groups of species, leading to the formation of a new species

27
Q

What sampling technique would you use to estimate the size of a population of animals?

A

Mark and Recapture

28
Q

Give three examples of methods of marking an individual

A 
Banding
Tagging
Surgical Implantation
Painting
Hair Dipping
29
Q

What three things must happen for estimates of a population to be more accurate?

A
  • Equal chance of capturing unmarked and marked individuals
  • No immigration or emigration from the areas
  • Marked individuals are completely mixed into populations
30
Q

Give one reason why a species may be monitored

A
  • Interest in species itself(eg. if it is endangered)

- Indicator Species

31
Q

Define ‘Ethology’

A

Study of animal behavior

32
Q

What are the two causes of animal behaviour?

A
  • Genetic

- Response to environment

33
Q

Define Latency

A

Latency is the time from a stimulus to the start of a behavior

34
Q

What is Anthropomorphism?

A

Application of human qualities to non human things or animals

35
Q

What can Anthropomorphism lead to?

A

Data Misinterpretation

36
Q

Define ‘Evolution’

A

Evolution is the change over time in the proportion of individuals in a population differing in one or more inherited traits

37
Q

What are the two random processes that operate evolution?

A

Mutation

Genetic Drift

38
Q

How do mutations drive evolution?

A

Give rise to new alleles and provide the raw material for evolution, natural selection and sexual selection can act on

39
Q

What factors affect the rate of evolution?

A
  • Generation Times

- Warmer Climates

40
Q

Define ‘Absolute Fitness’

A

It’s the ratio of the frequency of a particular genotype in one generation compared to the previous generation

41
Q

Why do organisms that have shorter generation times evolve faster?

A

Each generation involves DNA Replication with the chance of errors/mutations being higher
More chance of new material

CfE Advanced Higher Biology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions