unit 2

Question 1

Chemistry

Answer 1

the branch of science that deals with the identification of the substances of which matter is composed; the investigation of their properties and the ways in which they interact, combine, and change; and the use of these processes to form new substances.

Question 2

Matter

Answer 2

physical substance in general, as distinct from mind and spirit; (in physics) that which occupies space and possesses rest mass, especially as distinct from energy.

Question 3

Extensive Properties

Answer 3

Mass and volume are extensive properties

Question 4

Intensive Properties

Answer 4

hardness is intensive.

Question 5

mass

Answer 5

a coherent, typically large body of matter with no definite shape.

Question 6

volume

Answer 6

the amount of space that a substance or object occupies, or that is enclosed within a container, especially when great.

Question 7

physical property

Answer 7

A physical property is any property that is measurable, whose value describes a state of a physical system.

Question 8

physical change

Answer 8

Physical changes are changes affecting the form of a chemical substance, but not its chemical composition.

Question 9

chemical property

Answer 9

chemical property to consider when choosing building materials.

Question 10

chemical change

Answer 10

a usually irreversible chemical reaction involving the rearrangement of the atoms of one or more substances and a change in their chemical properties or composition, resulting in the formation of at least one new substance

Question 11

phase (phase of matter)

Answer 11

The states in which matter can exist: as a solid, liquid, or gas.

Question 12

solid

Answer 12

firm and stable in shape; not liquid or fluid.

Question 13

liquid

Answer 13

a substance that flows freely but is of constant volume, having a consistency like that of water or oil.

Question 14

gas

Answer 14

an airlike fluid substance which expands freely to fill any space available, irrespective of its quantity.

Question 15

freezing

Answer 15

below 32°F (0°C).

Question 16

melting

Answer 16

make or become liquefied by heat.

Question 17

vaporization

Answer 17

Vaporization (or vapourisation) of an element or compound is a phase transition from the liquid phase to vapor

Question 18

condensation

Answer 18

Condensation is the process of a substance in a gaseous state transforming into a liquid state

Question 19

sublimation

Answer 19

Sublimation is a type of phase transition, or a change in a state of matter, just like melting, freezing, and evaporation.

Question 20

deposition

Answer 20

The direct solidification of a vapor by cooling; the reverse of sublimation.

Question 21

substance (pure substance)

Answer 21

The pure substance within chemistry is a very simple concept to grasp. Pure substances are defined as substances that are made of only one type of atom or only one type of molecule

Question 22

element

Answer 22

A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means

Question 23

chemical symbol

Answer 23

chemical symbol. noun. an abbreviation or short representation of a chemical element; the symbols in the periodic table

Question 24

compound

Answer 24

A compound is a substance formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together

Question 25

mixture

Answer 25

Any substance that has a uniform and unchanging composition is considered to be pure.

Question 26

homogeneous mixture

Answer 26

An example of a homogeneous mixture is air. In physical chemistry and materials science that refers to substances and mixtures which are in a single phase.

Question 27

solution

Answer 27

In chemistry, a solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances. In such a mixture, a solute is a substance dissolved in another substance, known as a solvent.

Question 28

heterogeneous

Answer 28

Heterogeneous Definition. The word heterogeneous is an adjective that means composed of different constituents or dissimilar components. In chemistry, the word is most often applied to a heterogeneous mixture

Question 29

filtration

Answer 29

Filtration is any of various mechanical, physical or biological operations that separate solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by adding a medium through which only the fluid can pass.

Question 30

distillation

Answer 30

In chemistry, the separating of the constituents of a liquid by boiling it and then condensing the vapor that results. Distillation can be used to purify water or other substances, or to remove one component from a complex mixture, as when gasoline is distilled from crude oil or alcohol from a mash.

Question 31

chemical reaction

Answer 31

Chemical reaction, a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products

Question 32

reactant

Answer 32

a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction.

Question 33

product

Answer 33

Products are the species formed from chemical reactions. During a chemical reaction reactants are transformed into products after passing through a high energy transition state.

Question 34

precipitate

Answer 34

cause (a substance) to be deposited in solid form from a solution.

Question 35

law of conservation of mass

Answer 35

The law of conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed. In a closed system, mass of reactants is equal to mass of products. … Alright so how is this helpful in dealing with chemi- in dealing with chemical reactions, here’s a scenario that we might use to employ the law of conservation of mass.