Unit 2

Question 1

chemistry

Answer 1

The branch of science that deals with the identification of the substances of which matter is composed

Question 2

matter

Answer 2

Anything that has mass and takes up space (volume)

Question 3

extensive properties

Answer 3

Extensive properties, such as mass and volume, depend on the amount of matter being measured.

Question 4

intensive properties

Answer 4

Intensive properties, such as density and color, do not depend on the amount of the substance present.

Question 5

mass

Answer 5

A measurement of how much “stuff” is inside something, related to how many atoms/molecules are inside it. It is similar to, but not the same as weight.

Question 6

volume

Answer 6

The amount of space something occupies; similar to capacity.

Question 7

physical property

Answer 7

characteristic of a substance that can be observed without a new substance forming

Question 8

physical change

Answer 8

a change that does not involve the creation of a new substance

Question 9

chemical property

Answer 9

characteristic of a substance when it reacts with another substance and a new one is formed

Question 10

chemical change

Answer 10

a change that involves the creation of a new substance; can be identified by a colour change, bubbles of gas, heat, light, or a precipitate

Question 11

phase (phase of matter)

Answer 11

The states in which matter can exist: as a solid, liquid, or gas. When temperature changes, matter can undergo a phase change, shifting from one form to another.

Question 12

solid

Answer 12

Definite shape and volume

Question 13

liquid

Answer 13

A state of matter that has no definite shape but has a definite volume.

Question 14

gas

Answer 14

A state of matter with no definite shape or volume

Question 15

freezing

Answer 15

The change of state from a liquid to a solid

Question 16

melting

Answer 16

The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid

Question 17

vaporization

Answer 17

The change of state from a liquid to a gas

Question 18

condensation

Answer 18

The change of state from a gas to a liquid

Question 19

sublimation

Answer 19

When anything solid turns into a gas without first becoming liquid

Question 20

deposition

Answer 20

The direct solidification of a vapor by cooling; the reverse of sublimation

Question 21

substance (pure substance)

Answer 21

matter that contains only one type of material

Question 22

element

Answer 22

Any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance by ordinary chemical means

Question 23

chemical symbol

Answer 23

a symbol is a code for a chemical element

Question 24

compound

Answer 24

a substance made of two or more different elements joined together in a specific way

Question 25

mixture

Answer 25

A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined, like rocks mixed together.

Question 26

homogenous mixture

Answer 26

any mixture that is uniform in composition throughout.

Question 27

solution

Answer 27

A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another, like salt water.

Question 28

heterogenous mixture

Answer 28

A mixture is a combination of two or more pure substances in which the original substances retain their chemical properties

Question 29

filtration

Answer 29

any of various mechanical, physical or biological operations that separate solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by adding a medium through which only the fluid can pass

Question 30

distillation

Answer 30

the separating of the constituents of a liquid by boiling it and then condensing the vapor that results

Question 31

chemical reaction

Answer 31

when two or more substance interact, forming new substances

Question 32

reactant

Answer 32

a substance present at the beginning of a chemical reaction

Question 33

product

Answer 33

a substance produced by a chemical reaction

Question 34

precipitant

Answer 34

cause (a substance) to be deposited in solid form from a solution.

Question 35

law of conservation of mass

Answer 35

in a chemical reaction, the mass of the reactants must equal the mass of the products; matter cannot be created or destroyed