Unit 2 & 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Instantaneous Speed

A

The speed of an object at an instant in time; the rate of change in position with respect to time

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2
Q

Average speed

A

The average speed of a journey = total distance divided by total time

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3
Q

Acceleration

A

the rate of change of velocity respect to time

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4
Q

Air Resistance

A

The transfer of energy into a fluid from an object moving in it

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5
Q

Translational Equilibrium

A

A body is in translational equilibrium when the sum of all the external forces acting on it equals zero

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6
Q

Newton’s First Law

A

A body will remain at constant velocity unless acted upon by a resultant external force

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7
Q

Inertia

A

The property of matter by which it continues in its existing state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line unless that state is changed by an external force.

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8
Q

Newton’s Second Law

A

The resultant external force acting on a body is proportional to the rate of change of momentum of the body

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9
Q

Newton’s Third Law

A

When body A exerts a force on body B, body B exerts a force on body A that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction

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10
Q

Static Friction

A

the friction when there is no relative movement between the surfaces.

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11
Q

Dynamic Friction

A

the friction when there is relative movement between the surfaces

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12
Q

Kinetic Energy

A

the energy an object has because of its motion.

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13
Q

Gravitational Potential Energy

A

the energy an object has because of its position in a gravitational field.

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14
Q

Elastic Potential Energy

A

energy stored as a result of the deformation of an elastic object/the work done to stretch the spring.

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15
Q

Work Done

A

force exerted * distance moved in the direction of the force

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16
Q

Power

A

the rate of energy transfer

17
Q

Principle of Conservation of Energy

A

energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred form one form to another.

18
Q

Momentum

A

The product of an object’s mass and velocity, measured in kg m s-1

19
Q

Impulse

A

The change of an object’s momentum, measured in kg m s-1

20
Q

Collision

A

an interaction where momentum transfers.

21
Q

Principle of Conservation of Momentum

A

Total momentum of a system is always constant provided no external force acts

22
Q

Elastic Collision

A

A collision where kinetic energy is conserved.

23
Q

Period

A

the time taken for the object to go round the circle once.

24
Q

Frequency

A

the number of times the object goes around the circle each second.

25
Angular displacement
the angle moved around the circle by an object form where its circular motion starts.
26
Angular Velocity
angular displacement/ time for displacement to happen.
27
Newton's Law of Gravitation
the force of attraction between two objects is proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of their separation.
28
Gravitational Field Length
the force per unit mass experienced by a small point mass placed at that point.