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Poli Sci Semester 1 > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Sovereign

A

Legal capacity of a gov’t to maintain power

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2
Q

Natural law

A

Laws that govern the state of nature

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3
Q

Communism

A

Totalitarian socialism, sacrifices liberty in name of equality

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4
Q

Class Struggle

A

What Marx identifies as ‘the what’ in the theory of history; all value comes from labor and power = control of labor and property = class struggle

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5
Q

Guardians

A

The legislative and judicial of the republic (the gold, selfless)

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6
Q

Ideology

A

Organized system of ideas that attempts to change the world

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7
Q

Property

A

Labor + material

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8
Q

Proletariat

A

The have nots of capitalism; industrial workers; have life, liberty, but not property

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9
Q

Dharma

A

In Hindu, = justice, goal of states, order

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10
Q

Fascism

A

Totalitarian conservatism; union of people and state (slaves to the state, indiv

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11
Q

Weltgeist

A

Hegel’s theory of history= world spirit = mans quest for order

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12
Q

Qur’an

A

Islamic sacred book, word of Allah

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13
Q

Manga Carta

A

(1215) divided the parliament into the House of Commons (Bourgeoisie) and the House of Lords

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14
Q

Monopoly

A

Exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service; applies to feudalism

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15
Q

Adam Smith

A

Scottish Economist and philosopher who wrote Wealth of Nations and about Capitalism

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16
Q

Slave Morality

A

Chained by society’s definitions; ‘life of gotta’

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17
Q

N. Machiavelli

A

Italian political philosopher (1467-1527) who wrote ‘The Prince’

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18
Q

Justice

A

The system of rewards and punishments used by the state to enforce order

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19
Q

Glaucon’s Argument

A

Justice is a game, between master, free man, and slave, and the only way to win is to play = social contract

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20
Q

Puritan Revolution

A

English civil war, leads to Protectorate

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21
Q

Caliph

A

Ruler of state that follows the Shari’a

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22
Q

Charles II

A

Restored to throne by Oliver Cromwell

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23
Q

James I

A

No bishops or kings in power; god -> church -> people

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24
Q

Virtu

A

Doing what works, a quality of Machiavellian good prince

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25
Q

Social contract

A

Theory of justice, in Glaucon’s argument, it = fairness = respect of rights between free men

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26
Q

Leviathan

A

Written by Hobbes; presents the rational bias for legitimacy

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27
Q

Capitalism

A

Economic system based on private ownership, free markets, and reinvestment of surplus wealth to new means of production

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28
Q

Invisible hand

A

Sum rationality of buyer/seller

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29
Q

Timocracy

A

Rule of semi-selfless, rulers based on honor

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30
Q

Philosophy

A

Organized system of ideas that attempts to explain the world

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31
Q

State of Nature

A

=chaos=fear

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32
Q

Dialectic

A

Contradictions in stages of class struggle

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33
Q

Shari’a

A

Islamic law under the Qur’an

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34
Q

Nihilism

A

Nothingness; annihilation of external definition

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35
Q

Übermensch

A

Rejects society’s definitions, self-defining

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36
Q

Jihad

A

War against unbelievers; rebellion against unjust state

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37
Q

Copernican revolution

A

Paradigm shift to the helio-centric model -> god is not only concerned with earthlings

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38
Q

Alienation

A

Result of capitalism in which one is alien to ones own life, a cause of social deviancy and problems

39
Q

Wealth of nations

A

Adam Smith describes what builds the wealth of nations and examines economy and wealthy states and capitalism

40
Q

Mechanic state

A

State is manmade

41
Q

Benito Mussolini

A

Italian statesman who founded the Italian Fascist party

42
Q

Socrates

A

Athenian philosopher represented in the writings of Aristotle, his disciple

43
Q

UGS

A

Unhappy Graduate Student

44
Q

Brahmin

A

The top social class in the Hindu caste system

45
Q

Calvinism

A

Protestant theology under John Calvin- predestination; rich are going to heaven

46
Q

Vanguard of the Revolution

A

Proletariat, the revolutionary class which forms the DoP

47
Q

James II

A

Son of James I, strengthened crown

48
Q

fortuna

A

Quality of Machiavelli’s good prince = making your own fate

49
Q

Transcendental Man

A

Those who rule above human limitation, triumph selflessness, and see the world as is

50
Q

DROK

A

Divine Right of Kings

51
Q

Fiduciary Trust

A

Government created to protect the rights of people

52
Q

Monopoly Tendency

A

Fewer capitalists remain after each bust

53
Q

Auxiliaries

A

In Plato’s republic, the executive of the political system; they find happiness through honor and duty, and obey the guardians

54
Q

Feudalism

A

A political and economic system based on a biodeterminative class model of power; MONOPOLIES

55
Q

Liberalism

A

Political ideology in which the role of government is to protect the rights of the individual

56
Q

Fox & Lion

A

Wise and strong (good prince)

57
Q

Renaissance

A

Revival of art and lit in 14th to 16th centuries, leads to collapse of DROK

58
Q

Relative Deprivation

A

Drives modern societies, makes the middle class want to “find them, hurt them” (them being WHAT decreases their quality of life) through a powerful state

59
Q

Glorious Revolution: 1688

A

Replacement of James II by his daughter Mary II and William of Orange; eventually the triumph of the House of Commons

60
Q

F. Nietzsche

A

German philosopher who wrote about übermensch

61
Q

Ethno-nationalism

A

Nationalism based on ethnic identity

62
Q

Wage Slavery

A

Workers are slaves to falling wages

63
Q

Laissez-Faire

A

Hands off decision making role of the state

64
Q

The Protectorate

A

Puritan dominated state, in which people pick leaders who are the will of the community, there is no right to dissent; authoritarian democracy

65
Q

Liberty

A

Individual > society

66
Q

Plato

A

Wrote about 5 theories of justice, favoring the economic theory, and about The Republic

67
Q

Totalitarian

A

System of government in which the state is the highest rationality and the individual < state; includes fascism (totalitarian nationalism) and communism (totalitarian socialism)

68
Q

Karma

A

To live in harmony with your essence (Hindu)

69
Q

Charles I

A

Son of James VI,executed

70
Q

Consumer Revolution

A

Labor + money

71
Q

Conservative

A

Gradual, elite dominated change, liberty, right/reactionary

72
Q

Doctor

A

Teacher; someone who has mastered their craft so well that they can teach it

73
Q

Natural rights

A

Right way man is to act in state of nature

74
Q

Philosopher king

A

Chooses to be good, knows limits(=satisfaction), happiness of spirit (=eternal); brings the golden age -> death brings decline and selfishness

75
Q

Dialectical materialism

A

Resolution of class struggle

76
Q

Bourgeoisie

A

The antithesis of feudalism

77
Q

Allegory of the Cave

A

PLATO - people = prisoners chained in a cave, unable to turn their head; they can only see shadows on the wall of the cave, but not the fire behind them

78
Q

Radical Fundamentalism

A

Extreme change (revolution against the state) based on religion

79
Q

William of Orange

A

Married Mary II in overthrowing Charles II

80
Q

Reformation

A

Backlash from rising secularism

81
Q

Classical Authoritarian

A

Pre 1500ad, problem of legitimacy; cost vs complexity; limits to external coercion; need to internalize coercion and create self-cop

82
Q

St Augustine

A

354-340 ad early Christian philosopher

83
Q

GWF Hegel

A

German Philosopher (1770-1831) who theorized about Weltgeist and that the German Monarchy was the end of history

84
Q

Classical Conservatism

A

Equality is not important but liberty but liberty is, elites have the right to rule and dominate gradual change, selfishness is eventually harmful

85
Q

Enlightenment

A

Philosophical movement but the 18th century which emphasized natural rights and the state of nature

86
Q

Free Market

A

A market economy based on supply and demand with little or no government control

87
Q

Danda

A

Hindu for stick/ punishment

88
Q

Socialism

A

State owns and controls economy, values equality; a transitional state between capitalism and communism, according to Marx

89
Q

Kleptocracy

A

Rule of thieves and a problem with the will of the powerful

90
Q

Modern Authoritarianism

A

Authoritarian post 1500 ad; relates to Machiavellis good prince, Thomas Hobbes Leviathan, the Magna Carta, the Puritan Revolution and the Protectorate

91
Q

Economic theory of justice

A

Justice is everyone doing what they’re good at for the good of all

92
Q

Dictatorship od the proletariat

A

The Revolution of the proletariat against the bourgeoisie creates the DoP= proletariat over all other classes = rule of vanguard of revolution over all

93
Q

Economic man

A

Man who has life labor and property (communist man)

Poli Sci Semester 1 (3 decks)

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