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Poli Sci Semester 1 > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Sovereign

A

Legal capacity of a gov’t to maintain power

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2
Q

Natural law

A

Laws that govern the state of nature

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3
Q

Communism

A

Totalitarian socialism, sacrifices liberty in name of equality

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4
Q

Class Struggle

A

What Marx identifies as ‘the what’ in the theory of history; all value comes from labor and power = control of labor and property = class struggle

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5
Q

Guardians

A

The legislative and judicial of the republic (the gold, selfless)

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6
Q

Ideology

A

Organized system of ideas that attempts to change the world

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7
Q

Property

A

Labor + material

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8
Q

Proletariat

A

The have nots of capitalism; industrial workers; have life, liberty, but not property

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9
Q

Dharma

A

In Hindu, = justice, goal of states, order

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10
Q

Fascism

A

Totalitarian conservatism; union of people and state (slaves to the state, indiv

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11
Q

Weltgeist

A

Hegel’s theory of history= world spirit = mans quest for order

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12
Q

Qur’an

A

Islamic sacred book, word of Allah

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13
Q

Manga Carta

A

(1215) divided the parliament into the House of Commons (Bourgeoisie) and the House of Lords

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14
Q

Monopoly

A

Exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service; applies to feudalism

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15
Q

Adam Smith

A

Scottish Economist and philosopher who wrote Wealth of Nations and about Capitalism

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16
Q

Slave Morality

A

Chained by society’s definitions; ‘life of gotta’

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17
Q

N. Machiavelli

A

Italian political philosopher (1467-1527) who wrote ‘The Prince’

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18
Q

Justice

A

The system of rewards and punishments used by the state to enforce order

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19
Q

Glaucon’s Argument

A

Justice is a game, between master, free man, and slave, and the only way to win is to play = social contract

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20
Q

Puritan Revolution

A

English civil war, leads to Protectorate

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21
Q

Caliph

A

Ruler of state that follows the Shari’a

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22
Q

Charles II

A

Restored to throne by Oliver Cromwell

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23
Q

James I

A

No bishops or kings in power; god -> church -> people

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24
Q

Virtu

A

Doing what works, a quality of Machiavellian good prince

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25
Social contract
Theory of justice, in Glaucon's argument, it = fairness = respect of rights between free men
26
Leviathan
Written by Hobbes; presents the rational bias for legitimacy
27
Capitalism
Economic system based on private ownership, free markets, and reinvestment of surplus wealth to new means of production
28
Invisible hand
Sum rationality of buyer/seller
29
Timocracy
Rule of semi-selfless, rulers based on honor
30
Philosophy
Organized system of ideas that attempts to explain the world
31
State of Nature
=chaos=fear
32
Dialectic
Contradictions in stages of class struggle
33
Shari'a
Islamic law under the Qur'an
34
Nihilism
Nothingness; annihilation of external definition
35
Übermensch
Rejects society's definitions, self-defining
36
Jihad
War against unbelievers; rebellion against unjust state
37
Copernican revolution
Paradigm shift to the helio-centric model -> god is not only concerned with earthlings
38
Alienation
Result of capitalism in which one is alien to ones own life, a cause of social deviancy and problems
39
Wealth of nations
Adam Smith describes what builds the wealth of nations and examines economy and wealthy states and capitalism
40
Mechanic state
State is manmade
41
Benito Mussolini
Italian statesman who founded the Italian Fascist party
42
Socrates
Athenian philosopher represented in the writings of Aristotle, his disciple
43
UGS
Unhappy Graduate Student
44
Brahmin
The top social class in the Hindu caste system
45
Calvinism
Protestant theology under John Calvin- predestination; rich are going to heaven
46
Vanguard of the Revolution
Proletariat, the revolutionary class which forms the DoP
47
James II
Son of James I, strengthened crown
48
fortuna
Quality of Machiavelli's good prince = making your own fate
49
Transcendental Man
Those who rule above human limitation, triumph selflessness, and see the world as is
50
DROK
Divine Right of Kings
51
Fiduciary Trust
Government created to protect the rights of people
52
Monopoly Tendency
Fewer capitalists remain after each bust
53
Auxiliaries
In Plato's republic, the executive of the political system; they find happiness through honor and duty, and obey the guardians
54
Feudalism
A political and economic system based on a biodeterminative class model of power; MONOPOLIES
55
Liberalism
Political ideology in which the role of government is to protect the rights of the individual
56
Fox & Lion
Wise and strong (good prince)
57
Renaissance
Revival of art and lit in 14th to 16th centuries, leads to collapse of DROK
58
Relative Deprivation
Drives modern societies, makes the middle class want to "find them, hurt them" (them being WHAT decreases their quality of life) through a powerful state
59
Glorious Revolution: 1688
Replacement of James II by his daughter Mary II and William of Orange; eventually the triumph of the House of Commons
60
F. Nietzsche
German philosopher who wrote about übermensch
61
Ethno-nationalism
Nationalism based on ethnic identity
62
Wage Slavery
Workers are slaves to falling wages
63
Laissez-Faire
Hands off decision making role of the state
64
The Protectorate
Puritan dominated state, in which people pick leaders who are the will of the community, there is no right to dissent; authoritarian democracy
65
Liberty
Individual > society
66
Plato
Wrote about 5 theories of justice, favoring the economic theory, and about The Republic
67
Totalitarian
System of government in which the state is the highest rationality and the individual < state; includes fascism (totalitarian nationalism) and communism (totalitarian socialism)
68
Karma
To live in harmony with your essence (Hindu)
69
Charles I
Son of James VI,executed
70
Consumer Revolution
Labor + money
71
Conservative
Gradual, elite dominated change, liberty, right/reactionary
72
Doctor
Teacher; someone who has mastered their craft so well that they can teach it
73
Natural rights
Right way man is to act in state of nature
74
Philosopher king
Chooses to be good, knows limits(=satisfaction), happiness of spirit (=eternal); brings the golden age -> death brings decline and selfishness
75
Dialectical materialism
Resolution of class struggle
76
Bourgeoisie
The antithesis of feudalism
77
Allegory of the Cave
PLATO - people = prisoners chained in a cave, unable to turn their head; they can only see shadows on the wall of the cave, but not the fire behind them
78
Radical Fundamentalism
Extreme change (revolution against the state) based on religion
79
William of Orange
Married Mary II in overthrowing Charles II
80
Reformation
Backlash from rising secularism
81
Classical Authoritarian
Pre 1500ad, problem of legitimacy; cost vs complexity; limits to external coercion; need to internalize coercion and create self-cop
82
St Augustine
354-340 ad early Christian philosopher
83
GWF Hegel
German Philosopher (1770-1831) who theorized about Weltgeist and that the German Monarchy was the end of history
84
Classical Conservatism
Equality is not important but liberty but liberty is, elites have the right to rule and dominate gradual change, selfishness is eventually harmful
85
Enlightenment
Philosophical movement but the 18th century which emphasized natural rights and the state of nature
86
Free Market
A market economy based on supply and demand with little or no government control
87
Danda
Hindu for stick/ punishment
88
Socialism
State owns and controls economy, values equality; a transitional state between capitalism and communism, according to Marx
89
Kleptocracy
Rule of thieves and a problem with the will of the powerful
90
Modern Authoritarianism
Authoritarian post 1500 ad; relates to Machiavellis good prince, Thomas Hobbes Leviathan, the Magna Carta, the Puritan Revolution and the Protectorate
91
Economic theory of justice
Justice is everyone doing what they're good at for the good of all
92
Dictatorship od the proletariat
The Revolution of the proletariat against the bourgeoisie creates the DoP= proletariat over all other classes = rule of vanguard of revolution over all
93
Economic man
Man who has life labor and property (communist man)

Poli Sci Semester 1 (3 decks)

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