Unit 2 Flashcards
Who does Wycliffe cite in his attack on wealthy, worldly clergymen?
Bernard of Clairvaux
What is Wycliffe associated with?
Nationalism, scholasticism, and Lollardism
What was Wycliffe’s two-part plan for evangelizing England?
1) training and sending out preacher of the gospel
2) translating the bible into English
Supposed drafts on the heavenly treasure of merit accumulated by saints.
Indulgences
Wycliffe’s religious followers
Lollards
What did the chancellor at Oxford university and the ecclesiastical council consider Wycliffe’s beliefs to be and who was he brought before?
Heretical
He was brought to trial before an ecclesiastical synod.
Who did French writers influence most and who did they write for ?
English medieval poets
Sophisticated audiences
Reacted primarily against the external threat to society
Old English
Sought to remedy the internal threat to society
Middle English literature
Spurred biblical scholarship and translations and thereby hasten the spread of the gospel the ought 16th century Europe.
Classical humanism in conjunction with the invention of the moveable type printing
What did the writers of the Middle English period declare as the remedy for the ills of society?
A return to the ideals of the past
Blended philosophy and theology and attempted to use reason to support faith
Scholasticism
Associated with the end of the English middle ages.
Ascension of Henry VII to the throne
What did Wycliffe teach as the primary requirement for clergy?
Godly lifestyle
an expression in which a related thing stands for the thing itself
Metonymy
implies more than what is said
Understatement
An object that stands for something else as well as for itself.
Symbolism
implies less than what is said
Hyperbole
the emotion pervading a work
Atmosphere
A connected series of incidents.
Plot
ridicules a subject by treating it in high heroic terms while allowing its triviality to appear
Mock epic
Instruction in literature.
Didacticism
celebrated the exploits and manners of a questing knight and emphasized the ideals of a civilized society
Romance
A four-line stanza, one of the most common stanza forms in English poetry.
Quatrains
A narrative poem that can be set to music and sung
Ballad
The attitude of a work toward its subject.
Tone
characteristically impersonal, compressed, dramatic, ritualistic in effect, and simple in stanza form
Folk ballad
A written ballad
Literary ballad
a story within a story
Frame story
A pair of rhymed lines.
Couplets
What were Chaucer’s aims?
Literary as well as moral.
Chaucer’s variety and experience gave him insight into what?
Human nature and social institutions
What are the characteristics of secular medieval literature?
Social satire with allegorical overtones
Chaucer successfully used satire to do what?
Entertain and show moral indignation
How many stories did Chaucer plan to have?
120
Why was Chaucer’s use of pilgrimage appropriate?
it allowed him to structurally unite a variety of tales in a singles composition and it provided a vehicle for social commentary by bringing together people from all walks of society and with universal character traits.
Where does Chaucer give his plan for the Canterbury Tales?
The General Prologue
What is the month and season in which the Canterbury Tales is set?
April in the spring
How do the people feel towards he pilgrimage?
Eager and restless
Where does the Canterbury Tales begin?
Tabard Inn, Southward, suburb of London
Who is the host of the inn?
Harry Bailey
stems from a series of Anglo-Saxon setbacks during the fifth century at the hands of a Celtic chieftain named Ambrosius.
Legend of Arthur
Why does Gareth finally reveal his name?
Lancelot has to be sure he is of novel lineage before he can bestow knighthood on him.
Why does Arthur agree to let Beaumain try to rescue the damsel?
Arthur had promised to grant him three wishes and this was one of them.
Why do numerous ballads exist in so many different versions?
They were passed down orally for hundreds of years
Repetition all with variation
Incremental variation
The Robin Hood cycle of ballads especially communicates what?
The common man’s viewpoint
Few ballads view their subject with what?
Humor
This ballad is not concerned with death
“Get Up and Bar the Door”
