Unit 2 Flashcards
Goals of science …
Are …
Prediction
And
Control
Natural science consists of …
1) empirical phenomena
2) direct observation and measurement of
3) phenomena or its permanent products
Types of natural science include …
1) physics
2) chemistry
3) biology
4) behavior analysis
Social science deals with …
1) hypothetical constructs outside the natural realm
2) indirect observation and measurement
6 Philosophical assumptions of science
1) determinism
2) empiricism
3) parsimony
4) philosophical doubt
5) pragmatism
6) experimentation
Determinism
Philosophical assumption of science
The universe is a lawful and orderly place
Empiricism
Philosophical assumption of science
Objective observation
With thorough description
And quantification
Of the phenomena of interest (behavior)
Experimentation
Philosophical assumption of science
Systematic manipulation
Of an independent variable
Replication
Philosophical assumption of science
Repeating ANY part of an experiment
Parsimony
Philosophical assumption of science
Requires that all simple, logical explanations for the phenomena of interest be ruled out experimentally BEFORE more complex or abstract explanations are considered.
Philosophical doubt
Philosophical assumption of science
Continually question the truthfulness of
what is regarded as fact
Pragmatism
Philosophical assumption of science
Assesses the truth of theories or beliefs
in terms of the success
of their practical application
Behaviorism
The philosophy or worldview
underlying behavior analysis.
Posits that behavior
is the subject matter of our science
Radical behaviorism
BF Skinner’s philosophy of the science of human behavior.
Most influential type of behaviorism for
guiding the science and practice of behavior analysis
Determinants of behavior
Causes of behavior
probabilistic
