Unit 2 Flashcards
Created by Spanish
1769-1823
Founded by priest from the franciscan order
Leading priest named: Juniperro Serra
Build mission, build community around mission, reached out to convert Indians, stay no longer than 10 years and move on to build new mission
Walked from site to site walking to missions
Believed in physically punishing oneself for sinful nature
Spanish were not in America to make colonies they were there to convert Indians
Job for the mission was for: assimilation
Teach native American to become civilized
3 parts to mission
Mission: church
Square church in a courtyard
One main room some little adjoining rooms
Main priest and priest in training
The Presidio
Front of opposite corners of mission
Used for protection and soldiers lived there
Pueblo
The town with its residents
Mission System
Became the most famous leader of the Great Awakening
Wrote famous sermon “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”
Read in monotone voice
People believed sermon was so moving that people started crying and weeping he had to stop sermon so everyone can hear
Went to Yale University when he was 13
11 children
Greatest theologian of the first great awakening
Preached mostly by justification of faith and not works
Died in 1758 from small pox vaccine
Jonathan Edwards
greatest evangelist of the first great awakening
Came from England to New world to evangelize to the colonies
When came to New World he was only 24 years old
Preached for period of abut 30 years
Made 7 preaching tours around the colonies
Voice was so loud he can preach to a crowd of 10,000 with out a microphone
George Whitfield
Increase of church growth 1700 there were 30 churches 1780 there were 500 churches Religious colleges increased Half Way Covenant vanished Brought more division Group started to splinter off Old lights and new lights Old lights believed emotion should not be part of worship New lights believed in extreme emotional responses
Results of first Great Awakening
Small church revivals
James McGready: started small church revivals
Camp Meetings
Held all camp meetings at Yale
Spoke out against the of reason
Timothy Dwight
Began the second phase of the second great awakening (1825)
Famous for preaching able to draw a lot of converts
Traveled all across the United States preaching
Circuit riders and itineraries preachers: preachers that move around traveling
Known for created new methods and praise and worship
Charles Finney
After war with France Great Britain was financially broke
War cost Great Britain a ton of money
Great Britain decided to tax colonies to help pay for cost
After French and Indian war the myth that Great Britain always winning faded away
Colonist had hope of winning if ever to rebel to Great Britain
Gave all land to England west of the Mississippi
Treaty of Paris
Tax on sugar, molasses, and coffee
Goods were not made in colonies
Sugar Act
Tax on legal documents
Upset colonist the most
Internal tax
Stamp Act
Standing army even during peace in the colonies
Army are English soliders
Soliders being left there to watch them and control them
Quartering Act
Tax on glass, paint, paper, and tea
Townsend Act
Deliveres a speech to the house of burgesses
Taxation without representation is an act of tyranny
No freedom or liberty
Patrick Henry
Lead by Samuel Adams
Make posters and encourage colonist to boycott all the taxed britished goods
Sons of Liberty
Tax collector sees sign and takes it down
Sons of liberty throw rocks and sticks at tax collector
Rock misses tax collector and hits wife and knocks her down
Tax collector pulls out gun and fires into angry crowd and kiss a 11 year old boy
One of many English soliders said they got hit by a stick and “accidentally” fired his gun into the crowd
The other soliders started to fire and they hit and killed 5 colonist
Colonist to colonist
Boston Massacre
First battle of the American revolution
Limited English soldiers there
Colonist are highly motivate
Shot heard around the world
Battle of Bunkerhill
Dartmouth
East India Company
First ship to arrive with the taxed tea
Colonist refused to buy the tea
England decided to force colonist to pay the tax anyways
Ship wouldn’t leave until the colonist paid for the tea and the tax
In the middle of the night 150 colonist dressed as Mohawk Indians
Boarded the Dartmouth and dumped 342 cases of tea into the Boston harbor
Colonist wanted to make a point that they didn’t want to pay for the taxed tea
British respond by passing even more act
Boston Tea Party
First ship to arrive with the taxed tea
Dartmouth
The British are coming the British are coming
British get to stock pile of weapons and colonist come running and stand off
Someone from one side fires a shot
Started the American revolution
The colonist gain independence
No one know which side it came from
1000 red coats “British” are killed or wounded
Shot heard around the world
The British are coming the British are coming
Paul Revere
Lead men to war and knew they were overpowered
He left warriors an withdrew from Ottawa village
Returned with 65 canoes
French “habitants” had been solicited to provide the tribe with food ad supplies
Went from leading 18 tribe to a small band of followers
1769 Pontiac traveled to Cahokia to trade
Rumors that he was coming with 150 canoes of warriors
April 20, 1769 Peoria beat and clubbed and he died
Pontiac
Large producers that produce alcohol were more willing to accept the new tax
Annual tax payment of six cents per gallon
Smaller producer had to make payments throughout the year at a rate of about nine cents per gallon
Large producers could reduce the cost of the excise tax if they produced even larger quantities
Small producers were in the western colonies and had a very different perspective of the tax
Farmers was a cash tax
Took place throughout the western frontier
There was not one state south of New York who did not protest the new excise tax
Whiskey Rebellion
Group of Washington’s officers were secretly planning to use the army to force congress to pay them the money they owed
Planned attack against US government
Most of the successful attack are lead by the army
Washington goes to meeting even when he wasn’t invite
Washington delivers amazing speech: to continue to wait and support the new country
Newburgh Conspiracy
Financial failure: U.S. had no way of collecting money (taxes)
Shays fought in American revolution
Lack of hard money
Failures of Articles of Confederation
