Unit 2

Question 1

Final Cause

Answer 1

The end or goal for which an agent acts; the ultimate.

Question 2

finite

Answer 2

Having specific boundaries or limits

Question 3

finite godism

Answer 3

The worldview that affirms there is a God but that He is limited in power and/or love

Question 4

first principle

Answer 4

Basic axiom or proposition; self evident assumption.

Question 5

formal cause

Answer 5

The structure or form of which something consists.

Question 6

foundationalism

Answer 6

In epistemology, the believe that knowledge is based on first principles or immediately justified beliefs

Question 7

gnosticism

Answer 7

early religious cult which held God is good, matter is evil, and man is saved by knowledge (gnosis) of special hidden truths.

Question 8

hedonism

Answer 8

The ethical view which claims that pleasure is the greatest good.

Question 9

humanism

Answer 9

The belief that man is the highest value in the universe

Question 10

Hyksos

Answer 10

A group of foreign invaders who dominated ancient Egypt for some time. Velikovsky identifies them with the Amalekites.

Question 11

hypnotherapy

Answer 11

A psychological therapy which involves the use of hypnosis.

Question 12

hypnotic regression

Answer 12

The process by which one is said to recall past-life memories through hypnosis.

Question 13

idealism

Answer 13

The philosophy which holds that reality consists of minds and ideas rather than matter.

Question 14

principle of identity

Answer 14

The law of logic which says a thing is identical to itself; that is, A is A.

Question 15

immanent

Answer 15

Indwelling. God’s immanence is His presence within the universe.

Question 16

immortality

Answer 16

The doctrine that man will live forever.

Question 17

indeterminism

Answer 17

The belief that at least some events, especially human behavior, are uncaused.

Question 18

induction

Answer 18

Arguing from the particular to the general.

Question 19

inerrancy

Answer 19

The term used to describe the Bible as being wholly without error in all that it affirms in the original manuscripts.

Question 20

infallible

Answer 20

The term used to describe the Bible as being a reliable guide only in matters of faith and practice (not in science, history, etc.).

Question 21

infinte

Answer 21

without limits or boundaries.

Question 22

Infinite regress

Answer 22

The belief that causes are infinitely dependent on dependent causes; it is impossible to arrive at a first principle or cause.

Question 23

Instrumental cause

Answer 23

The means or tools through which an agent acts.

Question 24

Intuitionalism

Answer 24

In ethics, the view that in every situation, the right action is self-evident.

Question 25

Jiva, jivatman

Answer 25

Commonly translated and understood as referring to what Westerners call the “soul”; that individual which endures throughout one’s reincarnations.

Question 26

Karma

Answer 26

The law of cause and effect which says that for every action (in this life) there is a reaction (in the next life). What we sow in this life we shall reap in the next life.

Question 27

Liberation theology

Answer 27

A panethesitic view of God used to justify Marxist rebellion.

Question 28

logic

Answer 28

The study of valid thinking and argument.

Question 29

Logical positivism

Answer 29

The philosophy which holds that all metaphysical and theological propostiitons are meaningless unless they are empirically verifiable.

Question 30

material cause

Answer 30

The stuff or matter out of which something is made.

Question 31

materialism

Answer 31

The belief that all of reality is material, that no spiritual entities, such as the soul or God, exist.

Question 32

metempsychosis

Answer 32

Ancient Greek word which essentially means the same thing as reincarnation.

Question 33

moksha

Answer 33

The final state of “deliverance” from the burdensome cycle of reincarnation.

Question 34

monism

Answer 34

The metaphysical view that all reality is one.

Question 35

mysticism

Answer 35

The belief that there are states of mind or reality beyond sensation or reason.

Question 36

natural law

Answer 36

In ethics, the view that there are innate or natural moral laws known by all men. In physical science, the principles which describe the normal operation of the universe.

Question 37

naturalism

Answer 37

The belief that the universe is all there is; everything operates by natural law (without miracles).

Question 38

necessary being

Answer 38

A being who cannot not exist, whose very essence is existence.

Question 39

necessity

Answer 39

That which must be or cannot be other than it is.

Question 40

nirvana

Answer 40

Literally, “cessation” or “extinction”; this term is interpreted in a variety of ways in Buddhism. But it minimally means the cessation from being trapped in the wheel of rebirth and selfish craving.

Question 41

law of noncontradiction

Answer 41

A proposition cannot be both true and false at the same time in the same sense.