UNIT 2 Flashcards
ARPANET
Advanced Research Projects Agency Network.
Computing Device
A machine that can run a program.
Computing System
A group of devices/programs working together.
Computing Network
A group of interconnected devices capable of sending / receiving data.
Path
Connections between devices starting with a sender and ending with a receiver.
Bandwith
The maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time.
Protocol
A well-known set of rules and standards used to communicate between machines.
Internet Protocol (IP)
A protocol of for sending data that assigns each device its own unique number.
Domain Name System (DNS)
A set of servers that organize website information depending on the domain of the website.
Router
A type of device that forwards data across a network.
Redundancy
The inclusion of extra components so that a system can continue to work even if individual components fail. For example: by having more than one path between any two connected devices in a network.
Fault Tolerant
Can continue to function even in the event of individual component failure. The is important because elements of a complex system, like a computer network fail at unexpected times and often in groups.
Packet
A chuck of data sent over a network. Larger messages are divided into packets that may arrive at the destination in order, out-of-order, or not at all.
Datastream
Information passed through the internet in packets.
Packet Metadata
Data added to packets to help route them through the network and reassemble the original message.
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
A protocol for sending packets that does error-checking to ensure all packets are received and properly ordered.
(Slower but more accurate)
User Datagram Protocol (UPD)
A protocol for sending packets quickly with minimal error-checking and no resending of dropped packets.
(Quicker but less accuracy)
Scalability
The capacity for the system to change in size and scale to meet new demands.
World Wide Web
A system of linked pages, programs, and files.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
A protocol for computers to request and share the pages that make up the world wide web on the internet.
SSL
Secure Socket Layer
TLS
Transport Layer Security
HTTPS
Hypertext Transfer Protocol SECURE
Digital Certificate
A certified ID given to a website to verify it.
Certificate Authorities
Verify safe websites and grant Digital Certificates to prove its validity in the future.
URL
Uniform Resource Locator
HTML
Hyper Text Markup Language
Get Request
When a computer asks the server for all the HTML code of a website.
(Asking a server for information)
Post Request
When a computer submits data to a website (Like a saved login and password)
(Giving the server information)
Layers
HTTP + DNS
TCP / IP + Routing
Wires, cables, Wifi
Creators of the Internet
Vint Cerf and Bob Khan
HTTP relies on what for memory and saftey?
Cookies, SSL, and TLS
