Unit 2 Flashcards
foodborne diseases
infections, irritations or poisonings in the digestive system caused by the consumption of contaminated food or drinks
incubation period?
time interval between exposure to the organism causing the illness and the first appearance of symptoms
general symptoms foodborne diseases
-nausea
-stomach cramps
-fever
-fatigue
-diarrhoea
causes foodborne diseases
eg of foods associated with them
pathogens
chemical substances
raw meat and chicken
fruit and veg contaminated with manure
unpasteurised fruit juices
any food item touched by someone with diarrhoea
prevention foodborne diseases
food must be cooked for long enough at high temps
cold food kept cold and hot foods kept hot
raw meat, chicken, seafood prepared away from other food
wash hands before and after handling raw products
clean appliances and surfaces with hot, soapy water
treatment foodborne diseases
replace liquids and electrolytes lost through diarrhoea or vomiting
Hepatitis A
high contagious liver infection that is caused by the virus hepatitis A virus
how transmitted Hepatitis A
consumption of contaminated food or water or through contact with an infected person
symptoms Hepatitis A
fatigue
nausea
vomiting
dark urine
yellowing of skin and white of eyes
incubation period Hepatitis A
28 days average
prevention Hepatitis A
good sanitation
good personal hygiene
safe, clean drinking water
take precautions when visiting high risk countries
treatment Hepatitis A
lifestyle
adapt diet
cope with nausea-replace fluids and electrolytes
allow liver to rest
rest
Tuberculosis
serious, chronic bacterial infection affecting mainly the lungs
how Tuberculosis spreads
person coughs, sneezes, spits, speaks or laughs, releasing tiny droplets of saliva containing the bacteria into the air, which is then inhaled by another person
latent TB
tb bacteria hide in the body, while the immune system prevents the person from becoming ill
symptoms Tuberculosis
coughing for longer that 3 weeks
coughing up blood
fatigue
fever
night sweats
cold shiversi
incubation period
2- 12 weeks
prevent Tuberculosis
focus on treatment that prevents latent TB becoming active
protect family + friends
complete the course of meds
vaccination
ventilate rooms
treatment Tuberculosis
rest
clean, dry air
reduce stress
healthy, balanced diet
eat a wide variety of foods
regular blood tests
essential to complete treatment
Escherichia Coli (E-Coli)
and cause
type of bacterium that is found in the digestive tract of healthy humans and animals
caused by eating contaminated food or by drinking or swimming in contaminated water
symptoms E-Coli
abdominal cramps
diarrhoea and blood stools
nausea and vomiting
fatigue
fever
*kidney failure, blood in urine
prevention E-Coli
always wash hands thoroughly before and after handling food
avoid cross contamination between cooked and raw foods
wash fruit and vege before use
defrost meat in the fridge
use safe, clean water
treatment E-Coli
drink lots of fluid
take enough rest
dont use anti-diarrhoea products
Dysentery
an intestinal infection, particularly in the colon (large intestine), which can lead to acute diarrhoea with mucus and blood in the stools
2 types of Dysentery
what bacteria caused by
how are they contaminated
bacillary Dysentery by Shigella bacteria
amoebic Dysentery
through consumption of contaminated food or drink, when swimming in contaminated water or food washed in contaminated water
symptoms
Bacillary Dysentery
amoebic Dysentery
mild stomach cramps
mild diarrhoea without mucus and blood in stools
nausea, vomiting, dehydration
abdominal pain
water diarrhoea which can contain blood and mucus
incubation period Dysentery
1-3 days
prevention Dysentery
wash hands regularly
use safe, clean water
eat fully cooked meals
wash fruit and veg before use
prevent cross contam between raw + cooked foods
treatment Dysentery
rehydration
medication against bacterium
Gastroenteritis
inflammation of the inner lining of the stomach and intestines in reaction to an infection caused by a virus, bacterium, toxic substance or medication
How transmitted Gastroenteritis
poor hygiene
contact with or taking in contaminated food/ drink
symptoms Gastroenteritis
mild/acute diarrhoea
nausea
vomiting
fever
abdominal cramps
incubation period Gastroenteritis
a few hrs or a few days
prevention Gastroenteritis
use separate chopping boards for raw and cooked meat
wash fruit and vegetables before use
make sure that food that must be stored for a few hours is either very hot or very cold
do not swallow water when you swim
treatment Gastroenteritis
drink lots of fluid
rest as much as possible
dont use anti-diarrhoea products
avoid solid foods
eat smaller, more regular meals
treatment with antibiotics
