Unit 2 (1800-1877)

Question 1

Themes of 1800-1820

Answer 1

1. Population growth
2. Westward Movement
3. Transportation difficulties
4. Conflict with Native Americans

Question 2

What happened in the Jefferson years

Answer 2

United States purchased Louisiana, had two people explore the land and make maps

Question 3

The Madison Years

Answer 3

Embargo Act repealed. Ship seizures continued, Madison signs Macon’s Bill #2: U.S. open trade W/ Bri + FRA but if one of them agreed to respect American neutral rights, then U.S. embargoed the other. Napoleon quickly agrees + forces the U.S. to reimpose the bargo on BRI. FRA would end up violating this agreement

Question 4

Four theaters of War

Answer 4

NE + Canada
Great Lakes
The Chesapeak
New Orleans

Question 5

Fall 1814

Answer 5

Federalists met at the Hartford convention, many had been antiwar, some even floated the idea of secession by New England States. Proposed some changes to the constitution (e.g. ⅔ majority in congress to declare war). Victory of New O hurts the federalists, they looked unpatriotic. Fade as a political force after war.

Question 6

after war of 1812

Answer 6

Federalists faded due to the war westward movement + the decline of faith in America’s aristocracy.

Question 7

Monroe Years

Answer 7

Explorers + traders begin venturing into rocky mountains + oregon territory. But transportation is still an issue. Steamboats are helpful, but rivers didn’t always go where needed. 1820’s the solution was canals!! 1825: Erie Canal (NY), Connects Lake Erie with Hudson River.
Can travel by boat between Great Lakes and New York City. Construction of longer roads (dirt roads). This all helps the growth of a “market economy”.

Question 8

Bank of the United States

Answer 8

chartered by Congress to facilitate market economy. Lasting until 1836. Some opposed it as a tool of the wealthy classes or as something unconstitutional. As market economy expands, cotton becomes key crop in the South.

Question 9

Missouri Compromise

Answer 9

Missouri applies for statehood. Many in Missouri were slaveholders. They were going to be asking for admission as a slave state. Many in the North opposed its admission. Other states carved out of the Louisiana Territory would become slave states after this precedent. Tips the balance in the Senate. Application held up for three years. Senator Henry Clay proposed the Missouri Compromise. MO would be admitted as a slave state, and Maine would be admitted as a free state. Slavery would be banned in the rest of the Louisiana Territory north of Missouri’s southern border.

Question 10

Foreign policy issues

Answer 10

many newly independent nations formed in Latin America (free from Spain)Concern in Monroe administration about potential European efforts to “recolonize” new nations. “Monroe Doctrine”: Warned European nations to stay out of the Western Hemisphere, & the United States would stay out of European affairs.

Question 11

The Age of Jackson

Answer 11

Jackson was elected in 1828, sometimes called the “Age of Democracy” because common perceptions about the common farmer changed. He spent most of his life in the West, whereas prior presidents spent their lives in the East.

Question 12

The Key Issues in Jacksons years

Answer 12

spoils system- ackson fires many such workers + replaced them with family, friends + supporters
The “Bank War”- takes American money and puts it in different banks
The “Nullification crisis”- Tariffs benefited the northeast, but not south + west. People in those areas opposed the Tariffs! 11/24/1832 South Carolina nullifies both Tariff increases. Expected Jackson to support, but no. Instead Jackson gets congress to pass the Force Bill on
Native American removal- many tribes east of the Mississippi had already been deported from their lands to reservations out west but a few remained “trail of tears”

Question 13

election of 1840

Answer 13

first Whig party president. Harrison and his mate Tyler

Question 14

Social history themes

Answer 14

second great awakening
temperance movement
education
asylum movement
pacifist movement
Abolitionism
Women’s suffrage (right to vote)
Utopianism
spiritualism

Question 15

William Loyd garrison

Answer 15

1833 foundation of american anti slavery society in boston

Question 16

The Seneca Falls Convention

Answer 16

have to convince a lot of white men to allow women to vote

Question 17

Meriwether Lewis, William Clark

Answer 17

started the expedition to find out what’s in the Louisiana territory

Question 18

Treaty of Ghent

Answer 18

stopped the fighting between the British and U.S. no territorial or other changes, just stopped the fighting.

Question 19

Manifest destiny

Answer 19

the idea that it was the divine destiny of the U.S. to expand to the pacific. John Tyler, believer in manifest destiny.

Question 20

Indian removal act

Answer 20

5 tribes left in south, tribes tried to blend in with American towns but Americans still wanted them out, issued the Indian removal act which was a treaty and ended with deportation.

Question 21

Polk

Answer 21

supported annexation of tx as slave state and oregon as free state, splits oregon with brits

Question 22

treay of guadalupe-hidalgo

Answer 22

rio grande is border of tx, us gains cali, nevada, az, nm, ut, and co, any mexican living in this land could get us citizenship, us gave mexico 15mil

Question 23

sutters mill

Answer 23

where the gold rush began

Question 24

railroads

Answer 24

mostly in north, made transportation faster, invented by stevenson

Question 25

Irish Immigration to U.S.

Answer 25

potato famin due to blith, people poor, move to america for better life, hated by most americans, helped build railroads