Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

4 most populated regions in the world

A

East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Western Europe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Population Density

A

the number of people occupying a unit of land; allows for comparison of settlement intensity across geographic areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Arithmetic Density

A

measures the total number of people per unit area of land; provides an average density with no information about distribution patterns such as how dispersed or clustered a population is on the land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Physiological Density

A

the total number of people per unit of arable land; provides insight into whether people can sustain themselves agriculturally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Agricultural Density

A

measures the total number of farmers per unit of arable land; can reveal more about a country’s wealth than its population distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Economic Push Factors

A

poor job prospects and low wages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Economic Pull Factors

A

better employment opportunities and higher wages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cultural Push Factors

A

discrimination, persecution, and racism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Political Push Factors

A

conflict and oppressive government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Political Pull Factors

A

peace, greater freedom from government oversight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Environmental Push Factors

A

drought, flooding crop failures due to climate change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Environmental Pull Factors

A

a desirable climate or landscape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Conditions that decrease/increase TFR: Economic Factors

A

Economic Factors: Birth rates tend to decline in times of economic hardship, particularly if people are concerned about having sufficient food and resources to support their children. Conversely, birth rates often rise during more prosperous times, when people are feeling optimistic about their future

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Conditions that decrease/increase TFR: Political Factors

A

Antinatalists and Protanatialists, providing benefits if you do/don’t have kids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Conditions that decrease/increase TFR: Environmental Factors

A

Earthquakes, famine, war, droughts, etc. could make people want to increase the population or not because of the hardships.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Conditions that decrease/increase TFR: Cultural Factors

A

In societies where women tend to marry at a relatively young age and large families are the norm, the birth rate can be expected to be higher. Religion, education, and family planning also play an important role

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Ways to increase life expectancy

A

accessible health care and lifestyle choices such as diet and exercise, clean water, adequate food, and shelter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Examples that increase CBR

A

emigration of men, deaths of men in war

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Examples that decrease CBR

A

immigration of men of working age which may cause low CBR because sex ratio, better education for women and increased job opportunities as well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Thomas Malthus Theory (those who support and critics)

A

Theory was that the world population would outpace the increase in resources. Neo-Malthusians supported this theory and claimed future resource scarcity will lead to famine and war. Neo Malthusians schools of thought asserts that Earth’s resources can only support a finite population. Criticisms include unawareness of today’s contraception methods, technological advances, and increased food supply.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Demographic Transition - Stage 1

A

Low Growth → First agricultural revolution and no hunters or gatherers. 8000 BC and NO countries in this stage. very little increase in population

21
Q

Demographic Transition - Stage 2

A

High Growth → industrial revolution Europe and U.S. began around 1750 - 1800 and medical revolution mainly in Asia and Africa around 1950 vaccines were being made

22
Q

Demographic Transition - Stage 3

A

Moderate Growth → CBR drops and pop becomes more urban and population is still increasing

23
Q

Demographic Transition - Stage 4

A

Low Growth → core countries, zero population growth, 2.1 TFR, women enter workforce and increase us of birth control, bare population growth

24
Demographic Transition - Stage 5
Declining Growth → new stage, TFR drops below 2.1. Germany Japan and Italy are all examples
25
Epidemiologic Transition Model - Stage 1
Low Growth → infectious diseases/famine. ex. black death 1300s
26
Epidemiologic Transition Model - Stage 2
High Growth → receding pandemics. ex. Dr. John Snow geographic mapping contains cholera
27
Epidemiologic Transition Model - Stage 3
Moderate Growth → degenerative and human created diseases. ex. heart attacks and cancer
28
Epidemiologic Transition Model - Stage 4
Low Growth → delayed degenerative diseases. same thing as stage three except because of medical advances they are happening later on in life
29
Epidemiologic Transition Model - Stage 5
Declining Growth → possible reemergence of infectious and parasitic diseases because of evolution, poverty, and improved travel. Ex. malaria, TB, AIDS
30
Pronatalist policies and examples
Includes financial support such as free daycare to make it less expensive to have and raise children, paid maternity leave per child
30
Antinatalist policies and examples
Includes contraception education and Family Planning support, as well as financial incentives
31
Consequences of an aging population - Social Challenges
Fewer young people are available to choose to care for aging parents at home
32
Consequences of an aging population - Social Benefits
Retired grandparents care for grandchildren
33
Consequences of an aging population - Economic Challenges
Retirees Pay Less in income taxes and long-term Healthcare can be costly
34
Consequences of an aging population - Economic Benefits
Less likely to commit crimes and do not attend public school Political Benefits
35
Consequences of an aging population - Political Benefits
Changes in the voting demographic May influence his elected and what policies are enacted
36
Gravity Model explanation
Suggest that as the population of a city increases, migration to the city increases, and as the distance to a city grows, migration to that City decreases
37
voluntary migration
people who make the choice to move to a new place
38
forced migration
migration in which people are compelled to move by economic, political, environmental, or cultural factors
39
transnational migration
international migration in which people retain strong cultural, emotional, and financial ties with their countries of origin
40
internal migration
movement within a countries border
41
interregional migration
movement from one region of the country to another
42
intraregional migration
movement within one region of the country
43
chain migration
type of migration in which people move to a location because others from their community have previously migrated there
44
step migration
series of smaller moves to get to the ultimate destination
45
human migration
the permanent movement of people from one place to another
46
net migration
the difference between the number of emigrants and immigrants in a location such as a city of a country
47
Ravenstein’s Laws of Migration
Ravenstein concluded that economic conditions push and pull people in predictable directions. He also noticed that population size and distance affect migration
48
Transhumance
the action or practice of moving livestock from one grazing ground to another in a seasonal cycle, typically to lowlands in winter and highlands in summer