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Criminology > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Define Realism

A

Take crime seriously
Criminal activity can not be stopped- only reduced
Realistic way of controlling crime

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2
Q

An example of Left realism party

A

Communism, Green Party, socialists

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3
Q

An example party of right realism

A

Conservatives, nazis, UKIP

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4
Q

3 characteristics of Right realism

A

Individual
traditional
low taxation
self-sufficiency
choice and competition
economic freedom
Meritocracy

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5
Q

3 characteristics of left realism

A

Collectivism
progressive
Higher tax
Equality of opportunity
Job security
Helping the less fortunate

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6
Q

Definition of crime

A

Behaviour that breaks the law

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7
Q

Definition of deviance

A

Behaviour which goes against society norms

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8
Q

What is functionalism?

A

Theory of Durkheim
Explains the existence of crime as being a result of the structure of society- rather than as a result of individuals themselves

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9
Q

What did Durkheim mean when she said that crime was inevitable?

A

That crime is a normal aspect of social life and is present in all societies

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10
Q

For Durkheim, when might crime become dysfunctional?

A

Only when it’s rate is unusually high or low

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11
Q

David Fuller story

A

Killed 2 women- Wendy Knell and Caroline Pierce- in 2 separate attacks in Tunbridge wells
1987

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12
Q

Right crime control solutions

A

Zero tolerance policing
Situational crime prevention
Broken windows
Underclass

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13
Q

Left crime control solutions

A

Focus on offender
Looks at crime on local level
Community policing

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14
Q

Strain theory 1938

A

By Merton
Everyone in society shares the same goals, but for some these goals are blocked.

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15
Q

Merton’s responses to cultural goals

A

1- conformity
2- innovation
3-ritualism
4-retreatism
5- rebellion

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16
Q

Meaning of conformity

A

Members of society that conform to success goals and the normal ways of reaching them
They strive for success by means of accepted channels
Eg common people

17
Q

Meaning of innovation

A

This response rejects normative means of achieving success and turns to deviant means aka criminals

18
Q

Meaning of ritualism

A

People are deviant because they have abandoned the common success goals
prevents them from turning to crime as they conform to social norms
Eg lower middle class, stuck in a rut

19
Q

Meaning of retreatism

A

People who have strongly internalised cultural goals but are unable to achieve success eg tramps, addicts, drunks

20
Q

Meaning of rebellion

A

Rejection of success goals and social means- replaces them with different goals

21
Q

Broken windows theory

A

If something looks bad, it becomes worse
Visible signs of misbehaviour encourage further misbehaviour or disorder- leads to serious crimes

Criminology (1 decks)

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